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Chapter 2: Problem 2

What is the difference between cross-fertilization and self-fertilization?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Cross-fertilization involves the mixing of genetic material from two different organisms, resulting in more genetically diverse offspring. Self-fertilization involves a single organism using its own genetic material to reproduce, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

Step by step solution

01

Define Cross-fertilization

Cross-fertilization is a reproductive process found in plants and animals, where the sperm or pollen from one organism is used to fertilize the egg of another organism.
02

Define Self-fertilization

Self-fertilization, on the other hand, is a reproduction strategy where an individual organism fertilizes its own eggs with its own sperm or pollen.
03

Highlight Differences

The main difference between these two is the source of the genetic material. In cross-fertilization, two different organisms contribute their genetic material, leading to a greater genetic diversity in the offspring. This provides a survival advantage as it makes the population more resilient to changes in the environment. Meanwhile, in self-fertilization, the genetic material comes from the same organism, leading to offspring that are almost identical to the parent. This can be advantageous in stable environments where the parent's traits are well suited, but can limit the population's ability to adapt to changes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A true-breeding pea plant with round and green seeds was crossed to a true- breeding plant with wrinkled and yellow seeds. Round and yellow seeds are the dominant traits. The \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) plants were allowed to self-fertilize. What are the following probabilities for the \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) generation? A. An \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) plant with wrinkled, yellow seeds. B. Three out of three \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) plants with round, yellow seeds. C. Five \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) plants in the following order: two have round, yellow seeds; one has round, green seeds; and two have wrinkled, green seeds. D. An \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) plant will not have round, yellow seeds.

A true-breeding tall pea plant was crossed to a true-breeding dwarf plant. What is the probability that an \(F_{1}\) individual will be truebreeding? What is the probability that an \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) individual will be a true-breeding tall plant?

How can you determine whether an organism is heterozygous or homozygous for a dominant trait?

A true-breeding plant with round and green seeds was crossed to a true- breeding plant with wrinkled and yellow seeds. The \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) plants were allowed to self-fertilize. What is the probability of obtaining the following plants in the \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) generation: two that have round, yellow seeds; one with round, green seeds; and two with wrinkled, green seeds?

In a cross between a heterozygous tall pea plant and a dwarf plant, predict the ratios of the offspring's genotypes and phenotypes.
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