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Chapter 15: Problem 22

Histones are thought to be displaced as RNA polymerase is transcribing a gene. What would be the potentially harmful consequences if histones were not put back onto a gene after RNA polymerase had passed?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Without replacement of histones after transcription, DNA would be left unprotected, which could lead to DNA damage, overexpression of genes, unwanted molecular binding, and structural disorder impacting the cell's basic functions and growth.

Step by step solution

01

Explore the Role of Histones

Histones are proteins that play crucial roles in the structural organization of chromosomes in eukaryotes. They allow DNA to be packed into a small volume and protect it from damage. An important feature of histones is that they can be removed and reattached to the DNA strand during processes such as transcription.
02

Understand Gene Transcription Process

Transcription is the process of creating an RNA strand from a DNA template by RNA polymerase. For transcription to occur, the DNA double helix must uncoil to expose the gene that will be transcribed. The removal of histones and the unwinding of DNA permit access by RNA polymerase.
03

Explain Consequences of Not Replacing Histones

If histones were not replaced after transcription, DNA would remain uncoiled and unprotected. This could potentially lead to several harmful consequences: 1. DNA susceptibility to damage increases as it's more exposed. 2. Accidental transcription of genes could occur, leading to overexpression of certain genes. 3. The loss of histone protection could facilitate the binding of unwanted molecules, which could trigger inappropriate cellular responses. 4. Without histones, the structure of DNA may become disordered, which can impact cell division and growth..

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Briefly describe three ways that ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes may change chromatin structure.

Transcription factors usually contain one or more motifs that play key roles in their function. What is the function of the following motifs? A. Helix-turn-helix B. Zinc finger C. Leucine zipper

Explain how the acetylation of core histones may loosen chromatin packing.

Discuss the common points of control in eukaryotic gene regulation.

An enhancer, located upstream from a gene, has the following sequence: $$ \begin{aligned} &5^{\prime}-\mathrm{GTAG}-3^{\prime} \\ &3^{\prime}-\mathrm{CATC}-5^{\prime} \end{aligned} $$ This enhancer is orientation-independent. Which of the following sequences also works as an enhancer? A. 5'-CTAC-3' \(3^{\prime}-\mathrm{GATG}-5^{\prime}\) B. \(5^{\prime}-\mathrm{GATG}-3^{\prime}\) \(3^{\prime}-\mathrm{CTAC}-5^{\prime}\) C. \(5^{\prime}-\mathrm{CATC}-3^{\prime}\) \(3^{\prime}-\mathrm{GTAG}-5^{\prime}\)
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