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Chapter 15: Problem 6

Transcription factors usually contain one or more motifs that play key roles in their function. What is the function of the following motifs? A. Helix-turn-helix B. Zinc finger C. Leucine zipper

Short Answer

Expert verified
Helix-turn-helix motif in a transcription factor binds to DNA, allowing the transcription factor to control gene expression. Zinc finger, using zinc ions, stabilizes the structure of the transcription factor, permitting it to regulate gene expression by interacting with DNA. The leucine zipper motif, characterized by regular occurrences of leucine, forms a tight enclosing upon interaction with another such motif, thus helping in binding with DNA and managing regulation of gene expression.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Helix-turn-helix

The helix-turn-helix (HTH) is a major structural motif capable of binding DNA. It is composed of two alpha helices joined by a short strand of amino acids and is found in many proteins that regulate gene expression.
02

Understanding Zinc Finger

The zinc finger motif is another type of transcription factor that can bind to DNA. This motif uses one or more zinc ions to stabilize its structure, hence the name 'zinc finger'. Zinc finger proteins interact with DNA in a manner that allows them to regulate gene expression.
03

Understanding Leucine Zipper

Lastly, the leucine zipper is a protein motif characterized by regular occurrences of leucine within the zipper region. When two such regions come together, they form a stable tightening similar to a zipper's mechanism. This allows it to secure its binding to DNA and play a significant role in gene expression regulation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The glucocorticoid receptor and the CREB protein are two examples of transcriptional activators. These proteins bind to response elements and activate transcription. (Note: The answers to this question are not directly described in this chapter. You have to rely on your understanding of the functioning of other proteins that are modulated by the binding of effector molecules, such as lac repressor.) A. How could the function of the glucocorticoid receptor be shut off? B. What type of enzyme would be needed to shut off the activation of transcription by the CREB protein?

What is a nucleosome-free region? Where are such regions typically found in a genome? How are nucleosome-free regions thought to be functionally important?

Explain how the acetylation of core histones may loosen chromatin packing.

Briefly describe three ways that ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes may change chromatin structure.

What is a histone variant?
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