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Chapter 12: Problem 32

What is alternative splicing? What is its biological significance?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Alternative splicing is a process during gene expression that enables a single gene to code for multiple proteins by including or excluding certain sequences of the RNA. It increases protein diversity, allowing for unique cellular functions and responses and its disruption can cause diseases.

Step by step solution

01

Define Alternative Splicing

Alternative splicing is a regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene coding for multiple proteins. The process involves especially the exons of a gene, which are portions that contain code for protein synthesis, being joined in different combinations.
02

Explain the Mechanism of Alternative Splicing

Through alternative splicing, different kinds of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are produced from the same primary transcript of RNA. This happens by selectively including or excluding certain sequences of the RNA.
03

Discuss the Biological Significance of Alternative Splicing

Alternative splicing essentially increases the biodiversity of proteins within a cell. This protein diversity allows for the creation of unique cell types, functions, structures and responses to environmental changes. It is also essential for evolution processes. Its disruption can lead to various diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

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