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Chapter 25: Q12P (page 935)

How does a eukaryotic cell distinguish the end of a broken chromosome from the end of an intact linear chromosome?

Short Answer

Expert verified

A eukaryotic cell distinguishes the end of a broken chromosome from the end of an intact line by detecting telomeric DNA at the end.

Step by step solution

01

Explanation of Concept

Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nuclear envelope surrounding the nucleus.They are organisms that belong to the Eukaryota or Eukarya group, and their name comes from the Greek and. Eukaryota is one of the three realms of life, the other two being bacteria and archaea.

02

Step 2: Distinguishing Chromosome and Damaged DNA ends

When the telomeric repeat is complementary to the DNA sequence and the overhang is long enough, the matching strand can be replicated normally. Hence, the presence of telomere repeats allows all cells to differentiate between natural and damaged chromosome ends.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

To put the E. colireplication system on a human scale, let us imagine that the20 - A-diameter B-DNA was expanded to1 min diameter. If everything were proportionally expanded, then each DNA polymerase holoenzyme would be about the size of a medium-sized truck. In such an expanded system: (a) How fast would each replisome be moving? (b) How far would each replisome travel during a complete replication cycle? (c) What would be the length of an Okazaki fragment? (d) What would be the average distance a replisome would travel between each error it made? Provide your answers in km/hrand km.

During bacterial conjugation, two cells of the same or similar species make close contact and transfer genetic information. In the donor cell, an endonuclease nicks the DNA so that a single strand can enter the recipient cell. Explain why the stable incorporation of the transferred DNA requires RecBCD activity in the recipient cell.

Why are there no Pol I mutants that completely lack 5'鈫�3' exonuclease activity?

Give the name of the enzyme that catalyzes each of the following reactions: (a) Makes a DNA strand from a DNA template

(b) Makes a DNA strand from an RNA template

(c) Makes an RNA strand from a DNA template

A certain mutant DNA polymerase is error-prone, tending to incorporate C opposite a template A. When such a DNA polymerase replicates a segment of DNA containing an A 路 T base pair, what will be the DNA composition in the daughter cells after (a) one and (b) two rounds of cell division? Assume that DNA repair does not occur.

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