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Chapter 17: Q17-2TYU (page 362)

Which of the following is not true of a codon?

  1. It may code for the same amino acid as another codon.

  2. It never codes for more than one amino acid.

  3. It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule

  4. It is the basic unit of the genetic code.

Short Answer

Expert verified

  1. The statement 鈥淚t may code for the same amino acid as another codon鈥� isfalse.

  2. The statement 鈥淚t never codes for more than one amino acid鈥� isfalse.

  3. The statement 鈥淚t extends from one end of a tRNA molecule鈥� is true.

  4. The statement 鈥淚t is the basic unit of the genetic code鈥� is false.

Step by step solution

01

Codon

An mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) molecule is a sequence of nucleotides transcribed from the nucleotides present in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). A series of three-nucleotide sequences of mRNA that code for specific amino acids are called codons.

02

Explanation of option (A)

Many codons can code for the same amino acid. This is called the degeneracy of the genetic code. For example, GAG and GAA are two codons that code for glutamic acid.

Thus, a codon that codes a specific amino acid can also be coded by another codon.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

03

Explanation of option (B)

A codon codes for a single amino acid, but an amino acid can be coded by more than one codon. For example, GAG only codes for glutamic acid, but glutamic acid is coded by two codons (GAG and GAA).

Thus, codon codes for a single amino acid.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

04

Explanation of option (C)

Codon is the triplet nucleotide sequence on mRNA. However, one end of the tRNA contains the amino acid coded by the mRNA codon.

Thus, the tRNA molecule does not contain a codon.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

05

Explanation of option (D)

The sequence of nucleotides on the RNA molecule that specifies the amino acids of the polypeptide chain is referred to as the genetic code. The mRNA codon codes for the amino acid.

Thus, the codon is the basic unit of the genetic code.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing a gene at the right place on the DNA in a bacterial cell? In a eukaryotic cell?

Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change in the TATA box of a particular gene's promoter. How would that affect the transcription of the gene? (See Figure17.9)

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

  1. a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene

  2. a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron

  3. a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence

  4. a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence.

Individuals heterozygous for the sickle-cell allele are generally healthy but show phenotypic effects of the allele under some circumstances (see Figure 14.17). Explain in terms of gene expression.

Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5鈥欌�� 3鈥� sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template strand for an mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Pro-Lys.

(A) 5鈥�-UUUCCCAAA-3鈥�

(B) 5鈥�-GAACCCCTT-3鈥�

(C) 5鈥�-CTTCGGGAA-3鈥�

(D) 5鈥�-AAACCCUUU-3鈥�
See all solutions

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