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Chapter 5: Q2DQ (page 1210)

What is the difference between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction? Are they different physical processes? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

In Fresnel diffraction, the slit and the screen are a finite distance apart, while in Fraunhofer diffraction, the slit and the screen are infinitely apart. In both the cases, the process that is taking place is the same.

Step by step solution

01

Fraunhofer and Fresnel Diffraction

When the source and the observer are so far away from the obstructing surface that the outgoing rays can be considered parallel, it is called Fraunhofer diffraction. When the source or the observer is relatively close to the obstructing surface, it is Fresnel diffraction.

02

Compare Fresnel diffraction and Fraunhofer experiment

In Fresnel diffraction, the source of light and the screen are effectively at finite distances from the obstacle.

In Fraunhofer diffraction, the source of light and the screen are effectively at infinite distances from the obstacle.

In both the cases, the process taking place is the same. Whether Fresnel or Fraunhofer, both are two cases of a single process, called diffraction.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

People with normal vision cannot focus their eyes underwater if they aren鈥檛 wearing a face mask or goggles and there is water in contact with their eyes (see Discussion Question Q34.23). (a) Why not? (b) With the simplified model of the eye described in Exercise 34.50, what corrective lens (specified by focal length as measured in air) would be needed to enable a person underwater to focus an infinitely distant object? (Be careful鈥攖he focal length of a lens underwater is not the same as in air! See Problem 34.92. Assume that the corrective lens has a refractive index of and that the lens is used in eyeglasses, not goggles, so there is water on both sides of the lens. Assume that the eyeglasses are 2.00cm in front of the eye.)

A convex spherical mirror with a focal length of magnitude 24.0 cm is placed 20.0 cm to the left of a plane mirror. An object 0.250 cm tall is placed midway between the surface of the plane mirror and the vertex of the spherical mirror. The spherical mirror forms multiple images of the object. Where are the two images of the object formed by the spherical mirror that are closest to the spherical mirror, and how tall is each image?

Two slits spaced 0.0720mm apart are 0.800m from a screen. Coherent light of wavelength 位passes through the two slits. In their interference pattern on the screen, the distance from the center of the central maximum to the first minimum is 3.00mm . If the intensity at the peak of the central maximum is 0.600W/m2, what is the intensity at points on the screen that are (a) 2.00mm and (b) 1.50mm from the center of the central maximum?

34.19 A person swimming 0.80cm below the surface of the water in a swimming pool looks at the diving board that is directly overhead and sees the image of the board that is formed by refraction at the surface of the water. This image is a height of 5.20 m above the swimmer. What is the actual height of the diving board above the surface of the water?

You are in your car driving on a highway at 25m/swhen you glance in the passenger-side mirror (a convex mirror with radius of curvature 150 cm) and notice a truck approaching. If the image of the truck is approaching the vertex of the mirror at a speed of 1.9 m/swhen the truck is 2.0 m/sfrom the mirror, what is the speed of the truck relative to the highway?
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