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In the vertical jump, an athlete starts from a crouch and jumps upward as high as possible. Even the best athletes spend little more than 1.00 s in the air (their 鈥渉ang time鈥). Treat the athlete as a particle and letYmaxlocalid="1655800915664" Ymaxbe his maximum height above the floor. To explain why he seems to hang in the air, calculate the ratio of the time he is abovelocalid="1655800919441" Ymax/2to the time it takes him to go from the floor to that height. Ignore air resistance.

Short Answer

Expert verified

As the time above is 4.8 times the time from the floor, then the athlete will seem to hang in the air.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of given data

The time the athlete in air is,t=1.00s.

The maximum height of the athlete is,Ymax.

02

Concept of maximum height

The object's highest vertical position is its greatest height.

An object's maximum height is determined by the starting velocity, launch angle and gravity-induced acceleration.

03

Determine the ratio of maximum height and maximum height that the athlete

The equation of the speed of the athlete is expressed as-

v2=v02-2gYmax2 鈥1)

Here,Ymaxis the maximum height, v is the speed of the athlete, g is the acceleration due to gravity andv0is the initial speed.

The equation of the maximum height can also be written with the help of the equation of the kinetic and potential energy

K0+U0=K+U

Here,K0areU0the initial kinetic and potential energyKand Uare the final kinetic and potential energy.

The above equation can be written as-

mv022+0=0+mgymax

Here, m is the mass of the athlete

The above equation can be reduced as,

v02=2gymaxymax=v022g 鈥2)

Substituting the equation 2) in equation 1),

v2=v02-gv022g=v02-v022=v02

The equation for obtaining thethalfis expressed as,

gthalf=v02...3)thalf=v02g

As the athlete has spent double of the thalfabove the required heightYmax2, then the equation of the total height is,

tabove=thalf+thalf=2thalf

Substituting equation 3) in the above equation,

tabove=2v02g=2v0gtabove=thalf+thalf=2thalf

The equation of the total time can be expressed as,

localid="1655801054170" gt=v0t=v0g

The equation of the time from the floor is expressed as,

localid="1655801059257" tfromfloor=v0g-v02g=v02-12g

localid="1655801065996" Hence,theratioofthetfromfloor/tfromfloorisexpressedas-tabovetfromfloor=2v02gv02-12g=22-1=4.8

Thus, as the time above is times the time from the floor, then the athlete will seem to hang in the air.

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