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Planet Vulcan.Suppose that a planet were discovered between the sun and Mercury, with a circular orbit of radius equal to 2/3 of the average orbit radius of Mercury. What would be the orbital period of such a planet? (Such a planet was once postulated, in part to explain the precession of Mercury’s orbit. It was even given the name Vulcan, although we now have no evidence that it actually exists. Mercury’s precession has been explained by general relativity.)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The orbital period of such as planet is 47.85 d²¹²â.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

The given data can be listed below as follows,

  • The circular orbit of the planet Vulcan is equal to 2/3 of the average orbit radius of Mercury.
02

Significance of Kepler’s third law in deducing the orbital period

This law describes that the orbital period's square of a particular planet is directly proportional to the cubes of "semi-major axes" of the planet's orbit.

The root of the product of the cube of the average orbital radius of Vulcan with the Kepler’s constant gives the orbital period of Vulcan.

03

Determination of the orbital period of the planet Vulcan

From Kepler’s third law, the orbital period of Vulcan can be expressed as:

T2=4Ï€2GMr3

Here, T is the orbital period, and the value of Ï€is 3.14. M is the mass of the sun, which is 1.99×1030 k²µ. Moreover, G is the gravitational constant 6.673×10−11 N.m2kg2 , and r is the orbital radius of Vulcan 2/3×5.79×1010 w³ó¾±³¦³ó i²õ b±ð³¦´Ç³¾±ð 3.86×1010m.

Substituting the values in the above equation, we get

T2=4×(3.14)2×(3.86×1010″¾)36.673×10−11 N.m2kg2×1.99×1030 k²µT2=1.701×1013T=4134982.965 s×1 h´Ç³Ü°ù3600 s×1 d²¹²â24 h´Ç³Ü°ùT=47.85 d²¹²â

Thus, the orbital period of such a planet is 47.85 d²¹²â.

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