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Chapter 1: Q17DQ (page 159)
You swing a ball on the end of a lightweight string in a horizontal circle at constant speed. Can the string ever be truly horizontal? If not, would it slope above the horizontal or below the horizontal? Why?
The string cannot be horizontal and due to gravity, it would slope below the horizontal.
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The dwarf planet Pluto has an elliptical orbit with a semi-major axis of and eccentricity .
(a) Calculate Pluto鈥檚 orbital period. Express your answer in seconds and in earth years.
(b) During Pluto鈥檚 orbit around the sun, what are its closest and farthest distances from the sun?
Four astronauts are in a spherical space station. (a) If, as is typical, each of them breathes about 500 cm3 of air with each breath, approximately what volume of air (in cubic meters) do these astronauts breathe in a year? (b) What would the diameter (in meters) of the space station have to be to contain all this air?
A car and a truck start from rest at the same instant, with the car initially at some distance behind the truck. The truck has a constant acceleration of, and the car has an acceleration of. The car overtakes the truck after the truck has moved. (a) How much time does it take the car to overtake the truck? (b) How far was the car behind the truck initially? (c) What is the speed of each when they are abreast? (d) On a single graph, sketch the position of each vehicle as a function of time. Takeat the initial location of the truck.
Mass Mis distributed uniformly over a disk of radius a. Find the
gravitational force (magnitude and direction) between this disk-shaped mass
and a particle with mass mlocated a distance xabove the centre of the disk
(Fig. P13.81). Does your result reduce to the correct expression as xbecomes
very large? (Hint:Divide the disk into infinitesimally thin concentric rings, use
the expression derived in Exercise 13.35 for the gravitational force due to each
ring, and integrate to find the total force.)
Question- Neptunium. In the fall of 2002, scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory determined that the critical mass of neptunium-237 is about 60 kg. The critical mass of a fissionable material is the minimum amount that must be brought together to start a nuclear chain reaction. Neptunium-237 has a density of 19.5 g/cm3. What would be the radius of a sphere of this material that has a critical mass?
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