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Chapter 16: Q15Q (page 663)

The graph in Figure 16.63 is a plot of electric potential versus distance from an object. Which of the following could be the object?

(1) A neutron, (2) A sodium ion (Na+), (3) A chloride ion (Cl鈭�), (4) A proton, (5) An electron.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct options are (3) a chloride ion and (5) an electron.

Step by step solution

01

Concept/Significance of electric potential

The electric potential is a basic method of expressing how much energy an electric particle has as a result of being in an electric field.

02

Determination of the correct object

The charge's sign affects the potential's sign. the potential of the object is given by,

v=KQr

Here, K is the coulomb constant, Q is the charge on the object and r id the distance between reference point and object.

The potential in the quarter in figure indicates that the object's potential is negative, implying that the object's charge is also negative. As a result, the objectsa chloride ion and an electron arenegative.

Thus, the correct options are (3) a chloride ion and (5) an electron

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Most popular questions from this chapter

LocationsA=<a,0,0>andB=<b,0,0>are on the +x axis, as shown in Figure 16.61. Four possible expressions for the electric field along the x axis are given below. For each expression for the electric field, select the correct expression (1鈥�8) for the potential differenceVA-VB. In each case K is a numerical constant with appropriate units.

(a)E鈫�=<Kx2,0,0>(b)E鈫�=<Kx3,0,0>(c)E鈫�=<Kx,0,0>(b)E鈫�=<Kx,0,0>(1)VA-VB=0(2)VA-VB=K(a-b)(3)VA-VB=K(1a-1b)(4)VA-VB=K(1a3a-1b3b)(5)VA-VB=12K(b2-a2)(6)VA-VB=KIn(ba)(7)VA-VB=K(a3-b3)(8)VA-VB=12K(1a2-1b2)

A thin spherical shell of radius \({R_1}\)made of plastic carries a uniformly distributed negative charge \( - {Q_1}\). A thin spherical shell of radius \({R_2}\)made of glass carries a uniformly distributed positive charge \( + {Q_2}\). The distance between centers is \(L\), as shown in Figure 16.80. (a) Find the potential difference \({V_B} - {V_A}\). Location A is at the center of the glass sphere, and location \(B\) is just outside the glass sphere. (b) Find the potential difference \({V_C} - {V_B}\). Location \(B\) is just outside the glass sphere, and location \(C\) is a distance d to the right of \(B\). (c) Suppose the glass shell is replaced by a solid metal sphere with radius R2 carrying charge \( + {Q_2}\). Would the magnitude of the potential difference \({V_B} - {V_A}\) be greater than, less than, or the same as it was with the glass shell in place? Explain briefly, including an appropriate physics diagram.

Locations A, B and C are in a region of uniform electric field, as shown in the diagram in Figure 16.65. Location A is at 鉄�-0.5,0,0鉄�鈥�m. Location B is at 鉄�0.5,0,0鉄�鈥�m. In the region the electric field has the value 鉄�750,0,0鉄�鈥�N/C. For a path starting at B and ending at A, calculate: (a) the displacement vector 螖l鈫�, (b) the change in electric potential, (c) the potential energy change for the system when a proton moves from B to A, (d) the potential energy change for the system when an electron moves from B to A.

Figure 16.60 shows a portion of a long, negatively charged rod. You need to calculate the potential differenceVA-VB.

(a) What is the direction of the path (+y or 鈭抷)? (b) What is the sign of VA-VB?

What is the maximum possible potential (relative to infinity) of the metal sphere of 10-cm radius? What is the maximum possible potential (relative to infinity) of the metal sphere of only 1-mm radius? These results hint at the reason why a highly charged piece of metal (with uniform potential throughout) tends to spark at places where the radius of curvature is small or at places where there are sharp points. Remember that breakdown electric strength for air is roughly\[{\bf{3 \times 1}}{{\bf{0}}^{\bf{6}}}\;\frac{{\bf{V}}}{{\bf{m}}}\].
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