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Chapter 14: Q45P (page 583)

Which of the following are true? Check all that apply. (1) If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is zero, the metal is not in equilibrium. (2) The net electric field inside a block of metal is zero under all circumstances. (3) The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium. (4) The electric field from an external charge cannot penetrate to the center of a block of iron. (5) In equilibrium, there is a net flow of mobile charged particles inside a conductor.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct option is (3), The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the electric field

The electric field is referred to as a region in which a charged particle can exert force on another charged particle.

The net electric field of the metal is zero when the metal is in the equilibrium state but in any other state, the net electric field of the metal cannot be zero.

02

Identification of the correct statement

Statement (1) is incorrect as the net electric field of the metal is zero when the metal is in the equilibrium state. But here, the metal is not in an equilibrium state.

Statement (2) is incorrect as in only equilibrium state, the net electric field in the metal is zero, except this, the net electric field is not zero.

Statement (4) is incorrect as the induced charges mainly cancel the different external fields but the external 鈥渆lectric field鈥� is able to penetrate conductors and hence it can penetrate to the center of the block of iron.

Statement (5) is incorrect as no net electric field acts during the equilibrium state, hence, no force acts to move the different types of mobile charges and no flow of the mobile charges occurs.

Statement (3) is correct as the net electric field in the metal is zero when it is in an equilibrium state. So, the net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium (copper is a metal).

Thus, the correct option is (3), The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A metal ball with diameter of a half a centimeter and hanging from an insulating thread is charged up with 1脳1010excess electrons. An initially uncharged identical metal ball hanging from an insulating thread is brought in contact with the first ball, then moved away, and they hang so that the distance between their centers is 20cm.

(a) Calculate the electric force one ball exerts on the other, and state whether it is attractive or repulsive. If you have to make any simplifying assumptions, state them explicitly and justify them.

(b) Now the balls are moved so that as they hang, the distance between their centers is only 5cm. Naively one would expect the force that one ball exerts on the other to increase by a factor of 42=16, but in real life the increase is a bit less than a factor of role="math" localid="1661330186132" 16. Explain why, including a diagram. (Nothing but the distance between centers is changed鈥攖he charge on each ball is unchanged, and no other objects are around.)

Two small, negatively charged plastic spheres are placed near a neutral iron block, as shown in Figure 14.89. Which arrow (a鈥搄) in Figure 14.89 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at location A?

(a)The positively charged particle shown in diagram 1 in Figure 14.94 creates an electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\) at location A. Which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\) at location A?

(b)Now a block of metal is placed in the location shown in diagram 2 in Figure 14.94. Which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{m}}}\) at location Adue only to the charges in and/or on the metal block?

(c)\(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is greater than \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{m}}}} \right|\). With the metal block still in place, which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at location A?

(d)With the metal block still in place, which of the following statements about the magnitude of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\), the field due only to the charged particle, is correct?

(1) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is less than it was originally, because the block is in the way.

(2) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is the same as it was originally, without the block.

(3) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is zero, because the electric field due to the particle can鈥檛 go through the block.

(e)With the metal block still in place, how does the magnitude of\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{net}}}}\) at location Acompare to the magnitude of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\)?

(f)Which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at the center of the metal block (inside the metal)?

Can you charge a piece of plastic by induction? Explain, using diagram. Compare with the amount of charging obtained when you charge a piece of metal by induction.

A glass sphere carrying a uniformly distributed charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral spherical plastic shell (Figure 15.67).

(a) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the plastic. (b) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the inner glass sphere. Explain briefly. (c) Is the electric field at location P outside the plastic shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the plastic weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly. (d) Now suppose that the glass sphere carrying a uniform charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral metal shell (Figure 15.68). Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the metal.

e) Now be quantitative about the polarization of the metal sphere and prove your assertions. (f) Is the electric field at location P outside the metal shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the metal shell weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly.
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