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Chapter 14: Q32P (page 581)

Which statements about a neutral atom are correct? Select all that apply. (1) A neutral atom is composed of positively and negatively charged particles. (2) The positively charged particles in the nucleus are positrons. (3) The electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. (4) Positively charged protons are located in the tiny, massive nucleus. (5) The radius of the electron cloud is twice as large as the radius of the nucleus. (6) The negatively charged electrons are spread out in a "cloud" around the nucleus.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

The statement 1, 3, 4 and 6 are correct.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the neutral atom

When an atom has equal numbers of electrons and protons, the electric charge of that atom is zero, so it is said to be a neutral atom.

02

Determination of the correct statement

Statement 2 states that the positively charged particles in the nucleus are positrons. However, this statement is incorrect as the positively charged particles are protons.

Statement 5 states that the radius of the electron cloud is twice as large as the radius of the nucleus. This statement is incorrect as the electron cloud鈥檚 radius is abouttimes of the nucleus鈥� radius.

Statement 1 states that a neutral atom consists of positive and negative charged particles. This statement is correct as both the protons and electrons are there in the neutral atom.

Statement 3 states that the electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This statement is correct as the electrons are negatively charged; they get attracted to the positively charged particles due to the law of attraction.

Statement 4 states that the positively charged protons are located in the tiny, massive nucleus. This statement is correct as the protons and the electrons are inside the nucleus.

Statement 6 states that the negatively charged electrons are spread out in a 鈥渃loud鈥� around the nucleus. The statement is correct as the electrons and the protons makes a cloud around the nucleus.

Thus, the statement 1, 3, 4 and 6 are correct.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Can you charge a piece of plastic by induction? Explain, using diagram. Compare with the amount of charging obtained when you charge a piece of metal by induction.

A carbon atom is composed of 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is the net charge of this atom? A neutral chlorine atom contains 17 protons and 17 electrons. When a chlorine atom gains one extra electron, it becomes a chloride ion. What is the net charge of a chloride ion?

A glass sphere carrying a uniformly distributed charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral spherical plastic shell (Figure 15.67).

(a) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the plastic. (b) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the inner glass sphere. Explain briefly. (c) Is the electric field at location P outside the plastic shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the plastic weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly. (d) Now suppose that the glass sphere carrying a uniform charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral metal shell (Figure 15.68). Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the metal.

e) Now be quantitative about the polarization of the metal sphere and prove your assertions. (f) Is the electric field at location P outside the metal shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the metal shell weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly.

Which of the following could be reasonable explanations for how a piece of invisible tape gets charged? Select all that apply. (1) Protons are pulled out of nuclei in one tape and transferred to another tape. (2) Charged molecular fragments are broken off one tape and transferred to another. (3) Electrons are pulled out of molecules in one tape and transferred to another tape. (4) Neutrons are pulled out of nuclei in one tape and transferred to another tape.

A large positive charge pulls on a distant electron. How does the net force on the electron change if a slab of glass is inserted between the large positive charge and the electron? Does the net force get bigger, smaller, or stay the same? Explain, using only labeled diagrams. (Be sure to show all the forces on the electron before determining the net force on the electron, not just the force exerted by the large positive charge. Remember that the part of the net force on the electron contributed by the large positive charge does not change when the glass is inserted: the electric interaction extends through matter.)
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