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Chapter 18: Q4Q (page 755)

State your own theoretical and experimental objections to the following statement: In a circuit with two thick-filament bulbs in series, the bulb farther from the negative terminal of the battery will be dimmer, because some of the electron current is used up in the first bulb. Cite relevant experiments.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The two bulbs will glow equally brightly since the current through them is the same.

Step by step solution

01

Given data

Two bulbs are in series in a circuit.

02

Current in a circuit

The current in a circuit where all loads and batteries are connected in series, is equal everywhere.

03

Determination of the glow of the two bulbs

Experimentally it can be checked by connecting two bulbs in a series that they glow equally brightly. Theoretically since the same number of electrons are passing per unit time through the two bulbs in series after steady state is reached, the current through both of them is the same. Hence the glow will not be affected. Electrons don't get used up when they pass through a load. The two bulbs will glow equally brightly.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Some students intended to run a light bulb off two batteries in series in the usual way, but they accidentally hooked up one of the batteries backwards, as shown in Figure 18.89 (the bulb is shown as a thin filament).

(a)Use+鈥檚 and -鈥檚 to show the approximate steady-state charge distribution along the wires and bulb.

(b)Draw vectors for the electric field at the indicated locations inside the connecting wires and bulb.

(c)Compare the brightness of the bulb in this circuit with the brightness the bulb would have had if one of the batteries hadn鈥檛 been put in backwards.

(d)Try the experiment to check your analysis. Does the bulb glow about as you predicted?

Inside a chemical battery it is not actually individual electrons that are transported from the + end to the 鈥� end. At the + end of the battery an 鈥渁cceptor鈥� molecule picks up an electron entering the battery, and at the 鈥� end a different 鈥渄onor鈥� molecule gives up an electron, which leaves the battery. Ions rather than electrons move between the two ends to support the charge inside the battery.

When the supplies of acceptor and donor molecules are used up in a chemical battery, the battery is dead because it can no longer accept or electron. The electron current in electron per second times the number of seconds of battery life, is equal to the number of donor molecules in the battery.

A flashlight battery contains approximately half a mole of donor molecules. The electron current through a thick filament bulb powered by two flashlight batteries in series is about 0.3 A. About how many hours will the batteries keep this bulb lit?

A Nichrome wire 30 cm long and 0.25 mm in diameter is connected to a 1.5 V flashlight battery. What is the electric field inside the wire? Why you don鈥檛 have to know how the wire is bent? How would your answer change if the wire diameter change were 0.35 mm? (Not that the electric field in the wire is quiet small compared to the electric field near a charged tape.)

Since there is an electric field inside a wire in a circuit, why don鈥檛 the mobile electrons in the wire accelerate continuously?

What is the most important general difference between a system in steady state and a system in equilibrium?
See all solutions

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