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Chapter 10: Q4 (page 410)

You know that a collision must be 鈥渆lastic鈥� if: (1) The colliding objects stick together. (2) The colliding objects are stretchy or squishy. (3) The sum of the final kinetic energies equals the sum of the initial kinetic energies. (4) There is no change in the internal energies of the objects (thermal energy, vibrational energy, etc.). (5) The momentum of the two-object system doesn鈥檛 change.

Short Answer

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3) The sum of the final kinetic energies equals the sum of the initial kinetic energies and 4) there is no change in the internal energies of the objects (thermal energy, vibrational energy, etc.) and 5) the momentum of the two-object system doesn鈥檛 change.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the law of conservation of momentum and elastic collision of a system

This law states that the momentum of a particular system before and after collision is constant if no external force acts on the system.

The total momentum of a system is conserved in an elastic collision and the mechanical energy is also conserved.

02

Determination of the elasticity of a collision

From the law of conservation of momentum, the momentum of a system gets conserved. Hence, all the bodies should be included while defining a system of bodies. However, when the objects collide and also bounce back between them, a moment redistribution amongst the bodies occurs. Moreover, in the elastic collision, the initial and the final kinetic energy of an object does not change.

Thus, 3) the sum of the final kinetic energies equals the sum of the initial kinetic energies and 4) there is no change in the internal energies of the objects (thermal energy, vibrational energy, etc.) and 5) the momentum of the two-object system doesn鈥檛 change.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Under what conditions is the momentum of a system constant? Can the x component of momentum be constant even if they component is changing? In what circumstances? Give an example of such behavior.

You know that a collision must be 鈥渆lastic鈥� if: (1) The colliding objects stick together. (2) The colliding objects are stretchy or squishy. (3) The sum of the final kinetic energies equals the sum of the initial kinetic energies. (4) There is no change in the internal energies of the objects (thermal energy, vibrational energy, etc.). (5) The momentum of the two-object system doesn鈥檛 change.

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Two asteroids in outer space collide and stick together. The mass of each asteroid, and the velocity of each asteroid before the impact, are known. To find the momentum of the stuck-together asteroids after the impact, what approach would be useful? (1) Use the Energy Principle. (2) Use the Momentum Principle. (3) It depends on whether or not the speed of the asteroids was near the speed of light. (4) Use the relationship among velocity, displacement, and time. (5) It depends on whether the collision was elastic or inelastic.

In order to close a door, you throw an object at the door. Which would be more effective in closing the door, a 50g tennis ball or a 50g lump of sticky clay? Explain clearly what physics principles you used to draw your conclusion.
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