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Chapter 15: Problem 38

Cite five important characteristics for polymers that are to be used in thin- film applications.

Short Answer

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Question: List and describe five important characteristics of polymers that make them suitable for use in thin-film applications. Answer: 1) Optical transparency: Polymers should allow light to pass through with minimal scattering or absorption. 2) Mechanical flexibility: They should be able to bend and flex without breaking or losing functionality. 3) Thermal stability: Polymers should be resistant to degradation when exposed to high temperatures. 4) Chemical resistance: They should be resistant to various chemicals and solvents to maintain their structure and functionality. 5) Processability: Polymers should be easily processed and shaped into the desired thin-film form during manufacturing.

Step by step solution

01

1. Optical transparency

Polymers used in thin-film applications should have good optical transparency, meaning they allow light to pass through with minimal scattering or absorption. This is important for applications like display screens and solar cells, where the transmission of light is crucial for their proper functioning.
02

2. Mechanical flexibility

Polymers for thin-film applications should be mechanically flexible, which means they can bend and flex without breaking or losing their functionality. This property is vital in applications like flexible electronics and wearable devices, where the resiliency of the material is necessary to ensure long-lasting performance.
03

3. Thermal stability

Thermal stability is the ability of a polymer to resist degradation when exposed to high temperatures. Polymers used in thin-film applications should be thermally stable to withstand temperature variations during manufacturing processes, as well as during their operational lifetime.
04

4. Chemical resistance

Polymers in thin-film applications should have resistance against various chemicals and solvents, as they might be exposed to these substances during manufacturing or use. Chemical resistance helps maintain the structure and functionality of the polymer, ensuring it doesn't degrade under harsh chemical environments.
05

5. Processability

Processability refers to the ease with which a polymer can be processed and shaped into the desired thin-film form. Polymers with good processability are easier to work with during manufacturing, thus reducing production costs and increasing the overall efficiency of the thin-film fabrication process.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

List two important characteristics for polymers that are to be used in fiber applications.

For each of the following pairs of polymers, do ( the following: (1) State whether it is possible to decide whether one polymer has a higher tensile modulus than the other; (2) if this is possible, note which has the higher tensile modulus and cite the reason(s) for your choice; and (3) if it is not possible to decide, state why. (a) Branched and atactic poly(vinyl chloride) with a weight-average molecular weight of \(100,000 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\); linear and isotactic poly(vinyl chloride) having a weight-average molecular weight of \(75,000 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\) (b) Random styrene-butadiene copolymer with \(5 \%\) of possible sites crosslinked; block styrene-butadiene copolymer with \(10 \%\) of possible sites crosslinked (c) Branched polyethylene with a number-average molecular weight of \(100,000 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\); atactic polypropylene with a number-average molecular weight of \(150,000 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\)

Briefly explain how each of the following influ\(\Theta\) ences the tensile or yield strength of a semicrystalline polymer and why: (a) molecular weight (b) degree of crystallinity (c) deformation by drawing (d) annealing of an undeformed material

For each of the following pairs of polymers, plot and label schematic specific volume-versustemperature curves on the same graph [i.e., make separate plots for parts (a) to \((\mathrm{c})]\) (a) Linear polyethylene with a weight-average molecular weight of \(75,000 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\); branched polyethylene with a weight-average molecular weight of \(50,000 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\) (b) Spherulitic poly(vinyl chloride) of \(50 \%\) crystallinity and having a degree of polymerization of 5000 ; spherulitic polypropylene of \(50 \%\) crystallinity and degree of polymerization of 10,000 (c) Totally amorphous polystyrene having a degree of polymerization of 7000 ; totally amorphous polypropylene having a degree of polymerization of 7000

(a) Contrast the manner in which stress relaxation and viscoelastic creep tests are conducted. (b) For each of these tests, cite the experimental parameter of interest and how it is determined.
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