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Find the radiation resistance (Prob. 11.3) for the oscillating magnetic dipole in Fig. 11.8. Express your answer in terms ofand b , and compare the radiation resistance of the electric dipole. [ Answer: 3105(b)4]

Short Answer

Expert verified

The radiation resistance for the oscillating magnetic dipole is3105b4.

Step by step solution

01

Expression for the power loss in an oscillatory magnetic dipole and the total radiated power:

Write the expression for the power loss in an oscillatory magnetic dipole.

P=I(t)2R 鈥︹ (1)

Here, I is the current, and R is the resistance.

Write the expression for the total radiated power.

<P>=0m02412c3 鈥︹ (2)

Here,0 is the magnetic constant,m0 is the magnetic dipole moment, is the angular frequency, and c is the speed of light.

02

Determine the power loss in an oscillatory magnetic dipole:

Write the expression for the current through a wire loop.

It=I0cost

Substitute It=I0costin equation (1).

P=I0cost2RP=I02Rcos2t

The average value ofcos2tis 12.

Hence, the equation for P becomes,

P=12I02R 鈥︹ (3)

03

Determine the expression for the radiation resistance:

Write the model for an oscillating magnetic dipole.

mt=b2Itz^mt=m0costz^

Here, m0=b2I0

Substitute m0=b2I0in equation (2).

P=0b2I0412c3 鈥︹ (4)

Equate equations (3) and (4).

Write the relation between angular frequency and wavelength.

=2c

Substitute =2cin equation (5).

R=02b42c46c3R=02b43c32c4R=8350cb4........(6)

04

Determine the radiation resistance for the oscillating magnetic dipole:

Substitute0=410-7H/m and c=3108m/sin equation (6).

R=835410-7H/m3108m/sb4R=3.076105b43105bR=3105b4

Therefore, the radiation resistance for the oscillating magnetic dipole is

3105b4.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

As you know, the magnetic north pole of the earth does not coincide with the geographic north pole鈥攊n fact, it鈥檚 off by about 11. Relative to the fixed axis of rotation, therefore, the magnetic dipole moment of the earth is changing with time, and the earth must be giving off magnetic dipole radiation.

(a) Find the formula for the total power radiated, in terms of the following parameters: (the angle between the geographic and magnetic north poles), M (the magnitude of the earth鈥檚 magnetic dipole moment), and (the angular velocity of rotation of the earth). [Hint: refer to Prob. 11.4 or Prob. 11.11.]

(b) Using the fact that the earth鈥檚 magnetic field is about half a gauss at the equator, estimate the magnetic dipole moment Mof the earth.

(c) Find the power radiated. [Answer: 410-5W]

(d) Pulsars are thought to be rotating neutron stars, with a typical radius of 10 km, a rotational period of 10-3s, and a surface magnetic field of 108T. What sort of radiated power would you expect from such a star? [Answer: 21036W].

A radio tower rises to height h above flat horizontal ground. At the top is a magnetic dipole antenna, of radius b, with its axis vertical. FM station KRUD broadcasts from this antenna at (angular) frequency , with a total radiated power P (that鈥檚 averaged, of course, over a full cycle). Neighbors have complained about problems they attribute to excessive radiation from the tower鈥攊nterference with their stereo systems, mechanical garage doors opening and closing mysteriously, and a variety of suspicious medical problems. But the city engineer who measured the radiation level at the base of the tower found it to be well below the accepted standard. You have been hired by the Neighborhood Association to assess the engineer鈥檚 report.

(a) In terms of the variables given (not all of which may be relevant), find the formula for the intensity of the radiation at ground level, a distance R from the base of the tower. You may assume that bc/h. [Note: We are interested only in the magnitude of the radiation, not in its direction鈥攚hen measurements are taken, the detector will be aimed directly at the antenna.]

(b) How far from the base of the tower should the engineer have made the measurement? What is the formula for the intensity at this location?

(c) KRUD鈥檚 actual power output is 35 kilowatts, its frequency is 90 MHz, the antenna鈥檚 radius is 6 cm, and the height of the tower is 200 m. The city鈥檚 radio-emission limit is 200 microwatts/cm2. Is KRUD in compliance?

Find the angle max at which the maximum radiation is emitted, in Ex. 11.3 (Fig. 11.13). Show that for ultra relativistic speeds ( close toc), max(1)/2. What is the intensity of the radiation in this maximal direction (in the ultra relativistic case), in proportion to the same quantity for a particle instantaneously at rest? Give your answer in terms of.

Equation 11.14 can be expressed in 鈥渃oordinate-free鈥 form by writing p0cos=p0r^. Do so, and likewise for Eqs. 11.17, 11.18. 11.19, and 11.21.

we calculated the energy per unit time radiated by a (non-relativistic) point charge- the Larmor formula. In the same spirit:

(a) Calculate the momentum per unit time radiated.

(b) Calculate the angular momentum per unit time radiated.

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