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Chapter 19: Q14P (page 578)
Question: In the temperature range 310 K to 330 K, The pressure P of a certain non ideal gas is related to volume V and temperature T by
How much work is done by the gas if its temperature is raised from 315 Kto 325 Kwhile the pressure is held constant?
Answer
Work done by the gas is 207 J.
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In a bottle of champagne, the pocket of gas (primarily carbon dioxide) between the liquid and the cork is at a pressure of.When the cork is pulled from the bottle, the gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion until its pressure matches the ambient air pressure of.Assume that the ratio of the molar specific heats is. If the gas has initial temperature, what is the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion?
In an industrial process the volume ofof a monatomic ideal gas is reduced at a uniform rate fromtoinwhile its temperature is increased at a uniform rate fromto. Throughout the process, the gas passes through thermodynamic equilibrium states. What are
(a) the cumulative work done on the gas,
(b) the cumulative energy absorbed by the gas as heat, and
(c) the molar specific heat for the process? (Hint: To evaluate the integral for the work, you might usean indefinite integral.) Suppose the process is replaced with a two-step process that reaches the same final state. In step 1, the gas volume is reduced at constant temperature, and in step 2 the temperature is increased at constant volume. For this process, what are
(d) the cumulative work done on the gas,
(e) the cumulative energy absorbed by the gas as heat,and
(f) the molar specific heat for the process?
An ideal gas is taken through a complete cycle in three steps: adiabatic expansion with work equal to, isothermal contraction at, and increase in pressure at constant volume.
(a) Draw a p-V diagram for the three steps
. (b) How much energy is transferred as heat in step3, and
(c) is it transferred to or from the gas?
Question: Oxygen (O2) gas at 273 K and 1 atm is confined to a cubical container 10 cm on a side. Calculate , where is the change in the gravitational potential energy of an oxygen molecule falling the height of the box and is the molecule鈥檚 average translational kinetic energy.
The dot in Figre 19-18bpresents the initial state of a gas, and the isotherm through the dot divides the p-V diagram into regions 1 and 2. For the following processes, determine whether the change in the internal energy of the gas is positive, negative, or zero: (a) the gas moves up along the isotherm, (b) it moves down along the isotherm, (c) it moves to anywhere in region, and (d) it moves to anywhere in region.
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