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Chapter 33: Q7Q (page 1000)
Figure 33-30 shows rays of monochromatic light propagating through three materials a, b, and c. Rank the materials according to the index of refraction, greatest first.
The ranking of materials according to the index of refraction is
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A ray of white light traveling through fused quartz is incident at a quartz鈥揳ir interface at angle.Assume that the index of refraction of quartz is at the red end of the visible range and at the blue end.If is(a) , (b),and (c),is the refracted light white, white dominated by the red end of the visible range, or white dominated by the blue end of the visible range, or is there no refracted light?
Question: Figure depicts a simplistic optical fiber: a plastic coreis surrounded by a plastic sheath . A light ray is incident on one end of the fiber at angle.The ray is to undergo total internal reflection at point A, where it encounters the core鈥搒heath boundary. (Thus there is no loss of light through that boundary.) What is the maximum value of that allows total internal reflection at A?
Figure:
Figure 33-74 shows a cylindrical resistor oflength,radius , and resistivity carrying current.(a) Show that the Poyntingvector at the surface of the resistor is everywhere directed normal to the surface, as shown. (b) Show that the rate at which energy flows into the resistor through its cylindrical surface, calculated by integrating thePoynting vector over this surface, is equal to the rate at which thermal energy is produced: localid="1664201793898" wherelocalid="1664201800300" is an element of the area on the cylindrical surface and localid="1664201803478" is the resistance.
Rainbow Figure 33-67 shows a light ray entering and then leaving a falling, spherical raindrop after one internal reflection (see Fig. 33-21a). The final direction of travel is deviated (turned) from the initial direction of travel by angular deviation
. (a) Show that localid="1664200532112" is localid="1664200226807" , where localid="1664200612169" is the angle of incidence of the ray on the drop and localid="1664200615282" is the angle of refraction of the ray within the drop. (b) Using Snell鈥檚 law, substitute for localid="1664200618431" in terms of localid="1664200621396" and the index of refraction n of the water. Then, on a graphing calculator or with a computer graphing package, graph localid="1664200624361" versus localid="1664200627334" for the range of possible localid="1664200636137" values and for localid="1664200630531" for red light (at one end of the visible spectrum) and localid="1664200633245" for blue light (at the other end). The red-light curve and the blue-light curve have a different minimum, which means that there is a different angle of minimum deviation for each color. The light of any given color that leaves the drop at that color鈥檚 angle of minimum deviation is especially bright because rays bunch up at that angle. Thus, the bright red light leaves the drop at one angle and the bright blue light leaves it at another angle minimum deviation from the localid="1664200639414" curve for (c) red light and (d) blue light. (e) If these colors form the inner and outer edges of a rainbow (Fig. 33-21a), what is the angular width of the rainbow?
Question: (a) How long does it take a radio signal to travel from a transmitter to a receiving antenna? (b) We see a full Moon by reflected sunlight. How much earlier did the light that enters our eye leave the Sun? The Earth鈥揗oon and Earth鈥揝un distances are and , respectively. (c) What is the round-trip travel time for light between Earth and a spaceship orbiting Saturn, distant? (d) The Crab nebula, which is about light years (ly) distant, is thought to be the result of a supernova explosion recorded by Chinese astronomers in A.D. 1054. In approximately what year did the explosion actually occur? (When we look into the night sky, we are effectively looking back in time.)
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