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Describe a situation in which a force is exerted for a long time but does no work. Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

A person who keeps a door open for a long time. They are applying pressure to keep the door open, yet there is no motion because the door is remaining still. The work should therefore be nil.

A force is required to hold a barbell aloft, however while the barbell is at rest, this force does nothing to the object being held.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Work done.

If a body travels a predetermined distance in the direction of a force, that force is said to have performed work.

There is a potential that there will be work if there is a force. I'm stating that there will be exceptions and that a force does not always result in work because it must cause the body to move in some way when it is applied.

Thus,

(a) There should be an active force (irrespective of the direction it acts)

(b) The body must be displaced as a result of the force.

02

Understanding Newton's second law

A force operating on a body is defined as the product of the body's mass and its acceleration in the force's direction.

When there are unbalanced forces acting on an object, Newton's second law of motion applies. According to the second law, the mass of the item and the net force acting on it both affect how quickly an object accelerates. An object's acceleration is directly proportional to the net force applied on it and inversely proportional to its mass. An object's acceleration increases as the amount of force exerted on it does. A decreasing acceleration is caused by a rise in an object's mass.

03

Example.

Someone holding a door open for a extended period of time. They’re exerting a force by keeping the door open, but since the door is staying still, there is no motion. So, the work should be zero.

A force is needed to hold a barbell overhead, but this force does no work on the barbell while the barbell is at rest.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) What force must be supplied by an elevator cable to produce an acceleration of 0.800 m/s2 against a 200-N frictional force, if the mass of the loaded elevator is 1500 kg?

(b) How much work is done by the cable in lifting the elevator 20.0 m?

(c) What is the final speed of the elevator if it starts from rest?

(d) How much work went into thermal energy?

In Example 7.7, we found that the speed of a roller coaster that had descended 20.0m was only slightly greater when it had an initial speed of 5.00m/s than when it started from rest. This implies that ΔPE≫ΔKEi.Confirm this statement by taking the ratio of ΔPEto ΔKEi. (Note that mass cancels.)

A 500-kg dragster accelerates from rest to a final speed of 110 m/s in 400 m (about a quarter of a mile) and encounters an average frictional force of 1200 N. What is its average power output in watts and horsepower if this takes 7.30 s?

A pogo stick has a spring with a force constant of 2.50×104N/m, which can be compressed12.0cm. To what maximum height can a child jump on the stick using only the energy in the spring, if the child and stick have a total mass of40.0kg? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Energy.

Consider a person climbing and descending stairs. Construct a problem in which you calculate the long-term rate at which stairs can be climbed considering the mass of the person, his ability to generate power with his legs, and the height of a single stair step. Also consider why the same person can descend stairs at a faster rate for a nearly unlimited time in spite of the fact that very similar forces are exerted going down as going up. (This points to a fundamentally different process for descending versus climbing stairs.)

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