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Chapter 31: Q2CQ (page 1147)

What is the difference between纬rays and characteristic x rays? Is either necessarily more energetic than the other? Which can be the most energetic?

Short Answer

Expert verified

纬 rays are more energetic than x-rays

Step by step solution

01

significance of γ ray

An electromagnetic energy (photon) packet known as a gamma ray纬is released by the nucleus of some radio nuclides after radioactive decay. The electromagnetic spectrum's most energetic photons are known as gamma photons.

02

Step 1: Difference between γ rays and x- rays

纬 Rays produced due to de excitation of the nucleus. The transition occurs at nuclear energy level while X-ray are produced due to de excitation of an atom. The transition occurs at atomic energy level..The wavelength of gamma rays is smaller than the wavelength of x-ray.so the energy of gamma ray is more than energy of x-ray. As we know energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength.

Therefore, 纬 rays are more energetic than x-rays.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Mantles for gas lanterns contain thorium, because it forms an oxide that can survive being heated to incandescence for long periods of time. Natural thorium is almost \(100\% \)\({}^{232}Th\) , with a half-life of \(1.405 \times {10^{10}}\,{\rm{y}}\). If an average lantern mantle contains \(300\,{\rm{mg}}\) of thorium, what is its activity?

伪decay producing 208Pb. The parent nuclide is in the decay series produced by 232Th, the only naturally occurring isotope of thorium.

(a) Calculate the energy released in the\({\rm{\alpha }}\)decay of\({}^{{\rm{238}}}{\rm{U}}\). (b) What fraction of the mass of a single\({}^{{\rm{238}}}{\rm{U}}\)is destroyed in the decay? The mass of\({}^{{\rm{234}}}{\rm{Th}}\)is\(234.043593\,{\rm{u}}\). (c) Although the fractional mass loss is large for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?

(a) Calculate the radius of\(^{{\rm{58}}}{\rm{Ni}}\), one of the most tightly bound stable nuclei. (b) What is the ratio of the radius of\(^{{\rm{58}}}{\rm{Ni}}\)to that of\(^{{\rm{258}}}{\rm{Ha}}\), one of the largest nuclei ever made? Note that the radius of the largest nucleus is still much smaller than the size of an atom.

If a \(1.50\,{\rm{cm}}\)-thick piece of lead can absorb \({\rm{90}}{\rm{.0 \% }}\) of the \({\rm{\gamma }}\) rays from a radioactive source, how many centimeters of lead are needed to absorb all but \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.100 \% }}\) of the \({\rm{\gamma }}\) rays?
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