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Chapter 31: Q20 CQ (page 1148)
Radioactivity depends on the nucleus and not the atom or its chemical state. Why, then, is one kilogram of uranium more radioactive than one kilogram of uranium hexafluoride?
Uranium is more radioactive than uranium hexafluoride, which costs \(1\;{\rm{kg}}\).
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Explain how a bound system can have less mass than its components. Why is this not observed classically, say for a building made of bricks?
(a) Write the complete \({\rm{\alpha }}\) decay equation for \(^{249}Cf\).
(b) Find the energy released in the decay.
A physics student caught breaking conservation laws is imprisoned. She leans against the cell wall hoping to tunnel out quantum mechanically. Explain why her chances are negligible. (This is so in any classical situation.)
What is the radius of an\({\rm{\alpha }}\) particle?
a) Natural potassium contains \({}^{{\rm{40}}}{\rm{K}}\), which has a half-life of \(1.277 \times {10^9}\,{\rm{y}}\). What mass of \({}^{{\rm{40}}}{\rm{K}}\) in a person would have a decay rate of \(4140\,{\rm{Bq}}\)? (b) What is the fraction of \({}^{{\rm{40}}}{\rm{K}}\) in natural potassium, given that the person has \({\rm{140g}}\) in his body? (These numbers are typical for a \({\rm{70}}\)-kg adult.)
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