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Chapter 2: Q43PE (page 83)
A basketball referee tosses the ball straight up for the starting tip-off. At what velocity must a basketball player leave the ground to rise above the floor in an attempt to get the ball?
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A student writes, 鈥淎 bird that is diving for prey has a speed of .鈥� What is wrong with the student鈥檚 statement? What has the student actually described? Explain.
A bicycle racer sprints at the end of a race to clinch a victory. The racer has an initial velocity of 11.5 m/sand accelerates at the rate of 0.500for 7.00 s.
(a) What is his final velocity?
(b) The racer continues at this velocity to the finish line. If he was 300 mfrom the finish line when he started to accelerate, how much time did he save?
(c) One other racer was 5.00 mahead when the winner started to accelerate, but he was unable to accelerate, and travelled at 11.8 m/suntil the finish line. How far ahead of him (in meters and in seconds) did the winner finish?
Freight trains can produce only relatively small accelerations and decelerations.
(a) What is the final velocity of a freight train that accelerates at a rate of\({\bf{0}}.{\bf{0500}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{m}}/{{\bf{s}}^{\bf{2}}}\)for\({\bf{8}}.{\bf{00}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{min}}\), starting with an initial velocity of\({\bf{4}}.{\bf{00}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{m}}/{\bf{s}}\)?
(b) If the train can slow down at a rate of\({\bf{0}}.{\bf{0500}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{m}}/{{\bf{s}}^{\bf{2}}}\), how long will it take to come to a stop from this velocity?
(c) How far will it travel in each case?
In World War II, there were several reported cases of airmen who jumped from their flaming airplanes with no parachute to escape certain death. Some fell about 20,000 feet (6000m), and some of them survived, with few life-threatening injuries. For these lucky pilots, the tree branches and snow drifts on the ground allowed their deceleration to be relatively small. If we assume that a pilot鈥檚 speed upon impact was 123 mph (54 m/s), then what was his deceleration? Assume that the trees and snow stopped him over a distance of3.0m.
Construct the displacement graph for the subway shuttle train as shown in Figure 2.18(a). Your graph should show the position of the train, in kilometres, from t = 0 to 20 s You will need to use the information on acceleration and velocity given in the examples for this figure.
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