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Chapter 4: Q22CQ (page 160)

In a traction setup for a broken bone, with pulleys and rope available, how might we be able to increase the force along the femur using the same weight? (See Figure 4.30.) (Note that the femur is the shin bone shown in this image.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The force can be increased or decreased using the same weight using pulleys and ropes.

Step by step solution

01

The tension in the rope is equal to the weight of the leg.Step 1: Concept of Normal Force

Whatever supports a load, it must supply an upward force equal to the weight of the load. This upward force is called the normal force.

02

Determine the tension in the rope

Referring to figure 4.30, the traction setup shown helps in increasing the force across the broken bone using ropes and pulleys. By changing the angle胃 shown in the figure, the magnitude of the force can be increased because as the value of 胃 is increased 0掳to90掳, the value of 蝉颈苍胃also increases.

Hence, the force can be increased or decreased using the same weight.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Suppose your car was mired deeply in the mud, and you wanted to use the method illustrated in Figure 4.37 to pull it out.

(a) What force would you have to exert perpendicular to the center of the rope to produce a force of 12,000 N on the car if the angle is 2.00掳? In this part, explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for Newton鈥檚 laws of motion.

(b) Real ropes stretch under such forces. What force would be exerted on the car if the angle increases to 7.00掳 and you still apply the force found in part (a) to its center?

(a) Calculate the tension in a vertical strand of spider web if a spider of mass 8.00脳10鈭�5 kg hangs motionless on it.

(b) Calculate the tension in a horizontal strand of spider web if the same spider sits motionless in the middle of it, much like the tightrope walker in Figure 4.17. The strand sags at an angle of 12潞 below the horizontal. Compare this with the tension in the vertical strand (find their ratio).

Suppose two children push horizontally, but in exactly opposite directions, on a third child in a wagon. The first child exerts a force of 75.0 N, the second a force of 90.0 N, friction is 12.0 N, and the mass of the third child plus wagon is 23.0 kg.

(a) What is the system of interest if the acceleration of the child in the wagon is to be calculated?

(b) Draw a free-body diagram, including all forces acting on the system.

(c) Calculate the acceleration.

(d) What would the acceleration be if friction were 15.0 N?

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(a) Find its initial acceleration if it takes off vertically.

(b) How long does it take to reach a velocity of 120 km/h straight up, assuming constant mass and thrust?

(c) In reality, the mass of a rocket decreases significantly as its fuel is consumed. Describe qualitatively how this affects the acceleration and time for this motion.

What is the relationship between weight and mass? Which is an intrinsic, unchanging property of a body?
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