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Prove that if you had a refrigerator whose COP was better than the ideal value (4.9), you could hook it up to an ordinary Carnot engine to make an engine that produces no waste heat.

Short Answer

Expert verified

It is verified that a refrigerator with COP better than the ideal value can be hooked up to a Carnot engine to make an engine not producing waste heat.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

Let us write the expression of the ideal value of COP for Carnot engine

COP=TcoldTholTcoll

Here, Tcoldis temperature of the cold reservoir and Thotis temperature of hot reservoir.

02

Explanation

A refrigerator that has a coefficient of performance greater than the maximum Carnot value of COP requires an amount of work that is less than the work done in a Carnot engine.

A Carnot engine extracts heat from the hot reservoir and transfers it to the cold reservoir. The refrigerator, when hooked up to the Carnot engine, causes the composite system to yield a net surplus of work.

The compound system does not produce any waste heat because the refrigerator extracts the same amount of heat that the Carnot engine transfers.

03

Conclusion

Thus, it is verified that a refrigerator with COP better than the ideal value can be hooked up to a Carnot engine to make an engine not producing waste heat.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Prove that if you had a heat engine whose efficiency was better than the ideal value (4.5), you could hook it up to an ordinary Carnot refrigerator to make a refrigerator that requires no work input.

Use the definition of enthalpy to calculate the change in enthalpy between points 1 and 2 of the Rankine cycle, for the same numerical parameters as used in the text. Recalculate the efficiency using your corrected value ofH2, and comment on the accuracy of the approximationH2≈H1.

Consider a household refrigerator that uses HFC-134a as the refrigerant, operating between the pressures of 1.0barand 10bars.

(a) The compression stage of the cycle begins with saturated vapor at 1 bar and ends at 10 bars. Assuming that the entropy is constant during compression, find the approximate temperature of the vapor after it is compressed. (You'll have to do an interpolation between the values given in Table 4.4.)

(b) Determine the enthalpy at each of the points 1,2,3 and 4 , and calculate the coefficient of performance. Compare to the COP of a Carnot refrigerator operating between the same extreme temperatures. Does this temperature range seem reasonable for a household refrigerator? Explain briefly.

(c) What fraction of the liquid vaporizes during the throttling step?

Recall Problem 1.34, which concerned an ideal diatomic gas taken around a rectangular cycle on a PVdiagram. Suppose now that this system is used as a heat engine, to convert the heat added into mechanical work.

(a) Evaluate the efficiency of this engine for the case V2=3V1,P2=2P1.

(b) Calculate the efficiency of an "ideal" engine operating between the same temperature extremes.

A small scale steam engine might operate between the temperatures 20°Cand 300°C, with a maximum steam pressure of 10bars. Calculate the efficiency of a Rankine cycle with these parameters.

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