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Chapter 4: Problem 71

Describe how a number is represented in the Egyptian numeration system.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The Egyptian numeration system uses unique symbols to represent each factor of ten. It is an additive system, meaning the symbols are used repeatedly to reach the desired number. Each symbol represents a specific value and the symbols are written in descending order of value to represent the number.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the symbols

The Egyptian system works with hieroglyphs representing different values. Those symbols are consistently the same; the Egyptians used different symbols to represent factors of ten. For instance, a single stroke meant 1, a heel bone represented 10, a coil of rope was 100, a lotus flower was 1,000, a bent finger for 10,000, a tadpole or frog for 100,000 and the image of a god for 1,000,000.
02

Understand the Additive Principle

The Egyptian Number system was an additive system, it means that the characters are used as many times as necessary to represent the desired number. For example, to represent the number 5, an egyptian would use five single strokes. Similarly, to represent the number 20, two heel bones would be used.
03

Understand the Writing Order

In an Egyptian number representation, the highest value sign is usually written at the start and the following signs are written in descending order. So for example, to write the number 276, one would use two lotus flowers, seven heel bones, and six single strokes.

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