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Mystery box Ms. Tyson keeps a Mystery Box in her classroom. If a student meets expectations for behavior, she or he is allowed to draw a slip of paper without looking. The slips are all of equal size, are well mixed, and have the name of a prize written on them. One of the 鈥減rizes鈥濃攅xtra homework鈥攊sn鈥檛 very desirable! Here is the probability model for the prizes a student can win:

a. Explain why this is a valid probability model.

b. Find the probability that a student does not win extra homework.

c. What鈥檚 the probability that a student wins candy or a homework pass?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part(a) It is valid probability model as it follows both conditions of probability.

Part(b) 0.95 is the probability that a student does not win extra homework.

Part(c) 0.40 is the probability that a student wins candy or a homework pass.

Step by step solution

01

Part(a) Step 1 : Given information

We are given a table . We need to explain validity of probability model.

Prize
Pencil
Candy
Stickers
Homework pass
Extra homework
Probability
0.40
0.25
0.15
0.15
0.05
02

Part(a) Step 2 : Simplify

As we know sum of all probabilities must be 1and probabilities should lie between 0and 1 .

Sum of probabilities is 0.40+0.25+0.15+0.15+0.05=1

Now, from the table we can say it follows both above mentioned conditions.

So, We can say the probability model is valid.

03

Part(b) Step 1 : Given information

We are given a table. We need to find probability that a student does not win extra homework.

Prize
Pencil
Candy
Stickers
Homework pass
Extra homework
Probability
0.40
0.25
0.15
0.15
0.05
04

Part(b) Step 2 : Simplify

Using complement rule,

P(Ac)=P(A)=1-P(A)

Probability that student wins extra homework P(E)=0.05

Now,

Probability that a student does not win extra homework

P(Ec)=1-P(E)=1-0.05=0.95

Hence, 0.95 is the probability that a student does not win extra homework.

05

Part(c) Step 1 : Given information

We are given a table. We need to find probability that a student wins candy or a homework pass.

Prize
Pencil
Candy
Stickers
Homework pass
Extra homework
Probability
0.40
0.25
0.15
0.15
0.05
06

Part(c) Step 2 : Simplify

Using addition rule of disjoint events,

P(AUB)=P(A)+P(B)

Now,

Probability that a student wins candy P(C)=0.25

Probability that a student wins homework pass P(H)=0.15

Probability that a student wins candy or a homework pass

P(CUH)=P(C)+P(H)P(CUH)=0.25+0.15P(CUH)=0.40

Hence, 0.40 is the probability that a student wins candy or a homework pass.

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