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Chapter 11: Q. 27 (page 753)

The color of candy Inspired by the example about how background music influences

choice of entr茅e at a restaurant, a statistics student decided to investigate other ways to

influence a person鈥檚 behavior. Using 60volunteers, she randomly assigned 20volunteers

to get a 鈥渞ed鈥� survey, 20volunteers to get a 鈥渂lue鈥� survey, and 20volunteers to get a

control survey. The first three questions on each survey were the same, but the fourth and

fifth questions were different. For example, the fourth question on the 鈥渞ed鈥� survey was

鈥淲hen you think of the color red, what do you think about?鈥� On the blue survey, the

question replaced red with blue. On the control survey, the last two questions were not

about color. As a reward, each volunteer was allowed to choose a chocolate candy in a red

wrapper or a chocolate candy in a blue wrapper. Here are segmented bar graphs showing

the results of the experiment. Describe what you see.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The more chosen chocolate color was the same as the survey's color. In the control survey, blue chocolates were chosen more often.

Step by step solution

01

Given Information

We have been given a graph which gives the percentage of blue and red colored chocolates chosen in the red survey, blue survey, and control survey.

02

Explanation

The blue candy was chosen by more than 60%of those who participated in the blue survey. The red candy was chosen by60% of those polled in the red survey. When compared to those in the red survey, individuals in the control survey were more inclined to choose the blue treat. When compared to those who took the blue survey, a larger percentage of those who took the red survey picked the red candy.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Testing a genetic model Biologists wish to cross pairs of tobacco plants having genetic makeup Gg, indicating that each plant has one dominant gene (G) and one recessive gene (g) for color. Each offspring plant will receive one gene for color from each parent. The Punnett square shows the possible combinations of genes received by the offspring.

The Punnett square suggests that the expected ratio of green (GG) to yellow-green (Gg) to albino (gg) tobacco plants should be 1:2:1. In other words, the biologists predict that 25%of the offspring will be green, 50%will be yellow-green, and 25%will be albino. To test their hypothesis about the distribution of offspring, the biologists mate 84randomly selected pairs of yellow-green parent plants. Of 84offspring, 23plants were green, 50were yellow-green, and 11 were albino. Do the data provide convincing evidence at the 伪=0.01 level that the true distribution of offspring is different from what the biologists predict?

鈥淲ill changing the rating scale on a survey affect how people answer the question?鈥� To find out, the group took an SRS of 50students from an alphabetical roster of the school鈥檚 just over 1000students. The first 22students chosen were asked to rate the cafeteria food on a scale of 1(terrible) to 5(excellent). The remaining 28students were asked to rate the cafeteria food on a scale of 0(terrible) to 4(excellent). Here are the data:

The students decided to compare the average ratings of the cafeteria food on the two scales.

a. Find the mean and standard deviation of the ratings for the students who were given the 1to5scale.

b. For the students who were given the 0to4scale, the ratings have a mean of 3.21and a standard deviation of 0.568. Since the scales differ by one point, the group decided to add 1to each of these ratings. What are the mean and standard deviation of the adjusted ratings?

c. Would it be appropriate to compare the means from parts (a) and (b) using a two-sample t test? Justify your answer

Recent revenue shortfalls in a midwestern state led to a reduction in the state budget for higher education. To offset the reduction, the largest state university proposed a 25%tuition increase. It was determined that such an increase was needed simply to compensate for the lost support from the state. Separate random samples of 50freshmen, 50sophomores, 50juniors, and 50seniors from the university were asked whether they were strongly opposed to the increase, given that it was the minimum increase necessary to maintain the university's budget at current levels. Here are the results:

Which null hypothesis would be appropriate for performing a chi-square test?

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b. The mean number of students who are strongly opposed is the same for each of the 4years.

c. The distribution of student opinion about the proposed tuition increase is the same for each of the 4years at this university.

d. Year in school and student opinion about the tuition increase are independent in the sample.

e. There is an association between year in school and opinion about the tuition increase at this university.

Where do you live? Conduct a follow-up analysis for the test in Exercise 49.

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The Second European Stroke Prevention Study asked whether adding another anticlotting

drug named dipyridamole would be more effective for patients who had already had a

stroke. Here are the data on strokes during the two years of the study

a. Summarize these data in a two-way table.

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treatments at the伪=0.05significance level?
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