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85. Aircraft engines Engineers define reliability as the probability that an item will perform its function under specific conditions for a specific period of time. A certain model of aircraft engine is designed so that each engine has probability 0.999 of performing properly for an hour of flight. Company engineers test an SRS of 350 engines of this model. Let X= the number that operate for an hour without failure.
(a) Explain whyX is a binomial random variable.

(b) Find the mean and standard deviation ofX. Interpret each value in context.
(c) Two engines failed the test. Are you convinced that this model of engine is less reliable than it鈥檚 supposed to be? Compute P(X348) and use the result to justify your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Because the two outcomes are performing well and not performing properly, Xhas a binomial distribution, and each engine has an identical probability.

(b) The mean and standard deviation of Xare 349.65and 0.5913.

(c) P(X348)0.0486=4.86%, the engines seems to be less reliable.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information 

Let X=the number that operate for an hour without failure.

Xis a binomial random variable.

02

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

Number of trials (n)=350
Probability of success (p)=0.9990
To calculate the mean, variance and standard deviation ofXare:
E(X)=np
V(X)=np(1-p)
SD(X)=V(X)

Then,

X~(350,0.999)

P(X=x)=350x0.999x(1-0.999)350-x.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

The mean and standard deviation of Xto interpret the value in context.

04

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation 

The mean and standard deviation of Xis:


E(X)=3500.999=349.65
V(X)=3500.999(1-0.999)=0.3496
SD(X)=0.3496=0.5913

05

Part (c) Step 1: Given information 

Two engines failed the test. And the model of engine is less reliable. Compute the value ofP(X348).

06

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation 

The probability that Xless than or equal to348 is:
P(X348)=1-P(X=349)-P(X=350)=13503490.999349(10.999)3503493503500.999350(10.999)350350
=1-0.24684-0.70456
=0.0486

localid="1650029791570" P(X348)0.0486=4.86%

Since the probability is less than 5%.

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