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Chapter 5: Q 2.3. (page 305)
Explain why . Then use the general addition rule to find.
The likelihood of and the occurrence A or B
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If is the event that the person chosen has normal cholesterol (below 200 mg/dl), what鈥檚 P(C)?
Airport security The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is responsible for airport safety. On some flights, TSA officers randomly select passengers for an extra security check prior to boarding. One such flight had passengersin first class and in coach class. Some passengers were surprised when none of the passengers chosen for screening were seated in first class. We can use a simulation to see if this result is likely to happen by chance.
(a) State the question of interest using the language of probability.
(b) How would you use random digits to imitate one repetition of the process? What variable would you measure?
(c) Use the line of random digits below to perform one repetition. Copy these digits onto your paper. Mark directly on or above them to show how you determined the outcomes of the chance process.
Keep on tossing The figure below shows the results of two different sets of coin tosses. Explain what this graph says about chance behavior in the short run and the long run.
Playing 鈥淧ick 鈥� The Pick games in many state lotteries announce a four-digit winning number each day. You can think of the winning number as a four-digit group from a table of random digits. You win (or share) the jackpot if your choice matches the winning number. The winnings are divided among all players who matched the winning number. That suggests a way to get an edge.
(a) The winning number might be, for example, either or . Explain why these two outcomes have exactly the same probability.
(b) If you asked many people whether 2873 or is more likely to be the randomly chosen winning number, most would favor one of them. Use the information in this section to say which one and to explain why. How might this affect the four-digit number you would choose?
Preparing for the GMAT A company that offers courses to prepare students for the Graduate Management The admission Test (GMAT) has the following information about its customers: are currently undergraduate students in business; are undergraduate students in other fields of study; are
college graduates who are currently employed, and are college graduates who are not employed. Choose a customer at random.
(a) What鈥檚 the probability that the customer is currently an undergraduate? Which rule of probability did you use to find the answer?
(b) What鈥檚 the probability that the customer is not an undergraduate business student? Which rule of probability did you use to find the answer?
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