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El Niño and the monsoon It appears that El Niño, the periodic warming of the Pacific Ocean west of South America, affects the monsoon rains that are essential for agriculture in India. Here are the monsoon rains (in millimeters) for the 23 strong El Niño years between 1871 and 2004::26

(a) To make a stem plot of these rainfall amounts, round the data to the nearest 10, so that stems are hundreds of millimeters and leaves are tens of millimeters. Make two stem plots, with and without splitting

the stems. Which plot do you prefer?

(b) Describe the shape, center, and spread of the distribution.

(c) The average monsoon rainfall for all years from 1871 to 2004 is about850 millimeters. What effect does El Niño appear to have on monsoon rains?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a) A stem plot with the split is preferred over a stem plot without a split as the former

Part (b)

  • Shape: symmetric
  • Center: 7
  • Spread: 6 to 9

Part (c) Average of rainfall amount is 767

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

The monsoon rains (in millimeters) for the 23 strong El Niño years between 1871 and 2004::26

628669740651710736717698653604781784
790811830858858896806790792957872
02

Part (a) Step 2: Concept

Shape: The peak of the dot plot is at This means that during that season, the team's most common number of goals scored in games (known as the mode) was The United States women's soccer team scored between one and five goals in the majority of its games. The distribution, however, has a large tail to the right.

Centre: can be described by selecting a value that divides the observations in half, with the bigger half taking greater values and the smaller half taking lower values.

The spread of distribution indicates the amount of variability in the data. Giving the smallest and greatest values is one approach to describe the variability.

03

Part (a) Step 3: Explanation

Round the data to the closest tenth to generate a stem plot of the rainfall amounts.

The amount of rainfall is represented using a stem-plot diagram.

(i) The stem plot without split.

(ii) The stem plot with a split.

Therefore, a stem plot with the split is preferred over a stem plot without a split as the former

04

Part (b) Step 1: Explanation

The split stem plot's form features a single peak at 7 The distribution ranges from 6 to 9. The distribution has an asymmetrical shape.

Shape: symmetric

Center: 7

Spread: 6to 9

05

Part (c) Step 1: Explanation

Between 1871 and 2004 , the average rainfall amount in El Nino years was:

sum of the observations/total number of observations=

123628+669+740+........+957+872=1763123=767

As result, the Average of rainfall amount is 767

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