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Chapter 1: Q 2.2. (page 35)
The low outlier is Alaska. What percent of Alaska residents are older?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
The correct option is (a)
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Feeling sleepy? The first four students to arrive for a first-period statistics class were asked how much sleep (to the nearest hour) they got last night. Their responses were and
(a) Find the standard deviation from its definition. That is, find the deviations of each observation from the mean, square the deviations, then obtain the variance and the standard deviation.
(b) Interpret the value of you obtained in (a).
(c) Do you think it鈥檚 safe to conclude that the mean amount of sleep for all students in this class is close to hours? Why or why not?
The IQR Is the interquartile range a resistant measure of spread? Give an example of a small data set that supports your answer.
A survey was designed to study how business operations vary according to their size. Companies were classified as small, medium, or large. Questionnaires were sent to 200 randomly selected businesses of each size. Since not all questionnaires in a survey of this type are returned, researchers decided to investigate the relationship between the response rate and the size of the business. The data are given in the following two-ways
Which of the following conclusions seems to be supported by the data?
(a) There are more small companies than large companies in the survey.
(b) Small companies appear to have a higher response rate than medium or big companies.
(c) Exactly the same number of companies responded as didn鈥檛 respond.
(d) Small companies dislike larger companies.
(e) If we combined the medium and large companies, then their response rate would be equal to that of the small company
Angry people and heart disease People who get angry easily tend to have more heart disease. That鈥檚 the conclusion of a study that followed a random sample of people from three locations for about four years. All subjects were free of heart disease at the beginning of the study. The subjects took the Spiel burger Trait Anger Scale test, which measures how prone a person is to sudden anger. Here are data for the people in the sample who had normal blood pressure. CHD stands for 鈥渃oronary heart disease. 鈥漈his includes people who had heart attacks and those who needed medical treatment for heart disease.
Do these data support the study鈥檚 conclusion about the relationship between anger and heart disease? Follow the four-step process.
Race and the death penalty Whether a convicted murderer gets the death penalty seems to be influenced by the race of the victim. Here are data on
cases in which the defendant was convicted of murder:
(a) Use these data to make a two-way table of the defendant鈥檚 race (white or black) versus the death penalty (yes or no).
(b) Show that Simpson鈥檚 paradox holds: a higher percent of white defendants are sentenced to death overall, but for both black and white victims a higher percent of black defendants are sentenced to death.
(c) Use the data to explain why the paradox holds in the language that a judge could understand.
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