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Chapter 1: Q 110. (page 74)
What are all the values that a standard deviation can possibly take?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e) Any number
The correct option is (a)
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A study in Sweden looked at former elite soccer players, people who had played soccer but not at the elite level, and people of the same age who did not play soccer. Here is a two-way table that classifies these individuals by whether or not they had arthritis of the hip or knee by their mid-fifties:
(a) What percent of the people in this study were elite soccer players? What percent had arthritis?
(b) What percent of the elite soccer players had arthritis? What percent of those who had arthritis were elite soccer players?
Snowmobiles in the park Yellowstone National Park surveyed a random sample of winter visitors to the park. They asked each person whether they owned, rented, or had never used a snowmobile. Respondents were also asked whether they belonged to an environmental organization (like the Sierra Club). The two-way table summarizes the survey responses.
Do these data provide convincing evidence of an association between environmental club membership and snowmobile use for the population of visitors to Yellowstone National Park? Follow the four-step process.
Shopping spree A marketing consultant observed 50 consecutive shoppers at a supermarket. One variable of interest was how much each shopper spent in the store. Here are the data (in dollars), arranged in
increasing order:
(a) Round each amount to the nearest dollar. Then make a stem plot using tens of dollars as the stems and dollars as the leaves.
(b) Make another stem plot of the data by splitting stems. Which of the plots shows the shape of the distribution better?
(c) Write a few sentences describing the amount of money spent by shoppers at this supermarket.
The Freshman Survey asked first-year college students about their 鈥渉abits of mind鈥濃�攕pecific behaviors that college faculty have identified as being important for student success. One question asked students, 鈥淗ow often in the past year did you revise your papers to improve your writing?鈥� Another asked, 鈥淗ow often in the past year did you seek feedback on your academic work?鈥� The figure is a bar graph comparing male and female responses to these two questions.
What does the graph tell us about the habits of mind of male and female college freshmen?
Going to school Students in a high school statistics class were given data about the primary method of transportation to school for a group of students. They produced the pictograph shown.
(a) How is this graph misleading?
(b) Make a new graph that isn鈥檛 misleading.
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