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Chapter 4: Q 2.1. (page 240)

Outline a completely randomized design for this experiment. Follow the model of

Figure 4.4.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Completely randomized design:

Step by step solution

01

Given information

Follow the model of Figure 4.4.

02

Concept

The treatments are randomly assigned to all of the experimental units in a completely randomized design.

03

Explanation

Random assignment, group sizes, and therapy received, as well as the response variable There are statistical reasons for adopting treatment groups of roughly comparable size, as we will show later. This is referred to as a completely randomized design.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Is it an SRS? A corporation employs 2000male and 500 female engineers. A stratified random sample of 200 male and 50 female engineers gives each engineer 1 chance in 10 to be chosen. This sample design gives every individual in the population the same chance to be chosen for the sample. Is it an SRS? Explain your answer.

Prayer and meditation You read in a magazine that 鈥渘onphysical treatments such as meditation and prayer have been shown to be effective in controlled scientific studies for such ailments as high blood pressure, insomnia, ulcers, and asthma.鈥� Explain in simple language what the article means by 鈥渃ontrolled scientific studies.鈥� Why can such studies provide good evidence that meditation is an effective

treatment for high blood pressure?

The ABC program Nightline once asked whether the United Nations should continue to have its headquarters in the United States. Viewers were invited to call one telephone number to respond 鈥淵es鈥� and another for 鈥淣o.鈥� There was a charge for calling either number. More than 186,000 callers responded, and 67% said 鈥淣o.鈥�

Improving response rate How can we reduce the rate of refusals in telephone surveys? Most people who answer at all listen to the interviewer鈥檚 introductory remarks and then decide whether to continue. One study made telephone calls to randomly selected households to ask for opinions about the next election. In some calls, the interviewer gave her name, in others she identified the university she was representing, and in still others, she identified both herself and the university. For each type of call, the interviewer either did or did not offer to send a copy of the final survey results to the person interviewed. Do these differences in the introduction affect whether the interview is completed?

Acupuncture and pregnancy A study sought to determine whether the ancient Chinese art of acupuncture could help infertile women become pregnant.41 One hundred sixty healthy women undergoing treatment with artificial insemination were recruited for the study. Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to receive acupuncture treatment 25minutes before embryo transfer and again 25

minutes after the transfer. The remaining 80subjects were instructed to lie still for 25minutes after the embryo transfer.

Results: In the acupuncture group, 34women became pregnant. In the control group, 21women became pregnant.

(a) Describe how the three principles of experimental design were addressed in this study.

(b) The difference in the percent of women who became pregnant in the two groups is statistically significant. Explain what this means to someone who

knows little statistics.

(c) Explain why the placebo effect prevents us from concluding that acupuncture caused the difference in pregnancy rates.
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