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An AP Statistics student designs an experiment to see whether today鈥檚 high school students are becoming too calculator-dependent. She prepares two quizzes, both of which contain 40questions that are best done using paper-

and-pencil methods. A random sample of 30students participates in the experiment. Each student takes both quizzes鈥攐ne with a calculator and one without鈥攊n random order. To analyze the data, the student constructs

a scatterplot that displays the number of correct answers with and without a calculator for each of the 30 students. A least-squares regression yields the equationCalculator=1.2+0.865(Pencil)r=0.79

Which of the following statements is/are true?

I. If the student had used Calculator as the explanatory variable, the correlation would remain the same.

II. If the student had used Calculator as the explanatory variable, the slope of the least-squares line would remain the same.

III. The standard deviation of the number of correct answers on the paper-and-pencil quizzes was larger than the standard deviation on the calculator quizzes.

(a) I only (c) III only (e) I, II, and III

(b) II only (d) I and III only

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct option is (a) I only.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

Calculator=1.2+0.865(Pencil)r=0.79

02

Concept

A regression line is a straight line that depicts the relationship between an explanatory variablex and a response variabley By entering any value of x into the equation of the line, you may use a regression line to anticipate the value of y for any value ofx

03

Calculation

  • The correlation would have remained the same if the student's explanatory variable had been the calculator. Because correlation (r)does not distinguish between explanatory and response variables, this assertion is correct. When computing the correlation, it doesn't matter which variable you name Xand which you call Y.
  • If the learner had used a calculator as the explanatory variable, the slope of the least-squares line would have remained the same. Because this statement is false. Slope=ryX

If we change the explanatory and response variables, the slope value will change.

The number of correct answers on the paper and pencil quizzes had a higher standard deviation than the number of correct answers on the calculator quizzes." This assertion is untrue because

Slope=rcalculatorpencil0.865=0.79calculatorpencilcalculatorpencil=0.8650.791

Ifcalculatorpencil>1calculator>pencil

On the calculator quizzes, the standard deviation of the number of right answers was higher than on the paper and pencil quizzes.

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