/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Q 81. Marijuana and traffic accidents ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

91Ó°ÊÓ

Marijuana and traffic accidents (1.1) Researchers in New Zealand interviewed 907 drivers at age 21

They had data on traffic accidents and they asked the drivers about marijuana use. Here are data on the numbers of accidents caused by these drivers at age 19, broken down by marijuana use at the same age

(a) Make a graph that displays the accident rate for each class. Is there evidence of an association

between marijuana use and traffic accidents?

(b) Explain why we can’t conclude that marijuana use causes accidents.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a) The graph that determines the accident rate for each class is as below:

There is evidence of a link between marijuana usage and road accidents because the height of the bars rises as the annual marijuana consumption rises.

Part (b) We can't prove causation because we don't know if the subjects were driving under the influence of marijuana at the time of the accident, and people may be lying about their marijuana use.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

Here are the data on the number of accidents caused by the drivers using marijuana per year.


Marijuana Use per year


Never1-10 per year11-50 times51+ times
Drivers45222970156
Accidents caused59361550
02

Concept

To begin, use the below equation to calculate the accident rate for each class, and then construct a histogram to depict it. Finally, utilize the histogram to determine whether there is evidence of a link between marijuana use and road accidents.

Accidents caused in each class=AccidentsCausedDrivers

03

Part (a) Step 3: Calculation

Determine the ratio of accidents caused in each group:Never:AccidentsCausedDrivers=59452≈0.13051-10times:AccidentsCausedDrivers=36229≈0.157211-50times:AccidentsCausedDrivers=1570≈0.214351+times:AccidentsCausedDrivers=50156≈0.3205

Create a histogram in which the width of all bars is the same and the height is the same as the ratio.

There is evidence of a link between marijuana usage and road accidents because the height of the bars grows as the annual marijuana consumption increases.

04

Part (b) Step 1: Explanation

There could be hidden variables influencing the study's outcomes, such as overall drug use and interest in safe driving. A hidden variable is one that has a significant impact on the relationship between variables in a study but is not one of the explanatory factors investigated. As a result, we can't prove causality because we don't know if the subjects were driving under the influence of marijuana when they caused the accident, and people may lie about their marijuana use.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91Ó°ÊÓ!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

How much gas? Refer to Exercise 40. Would it be appropriate to use the regression line to predict Joan’s natural-gas consumption in a future month with an average temperature of 65°F? Justify your answer

A data set included the number of people per television set and the number of people per physician for 40 countries. The Fathom screenshot below displays a scatterplot of the data with the least-squares regression line added. In Ethiopia, there were 503 people per TV and 36,660 people per doctor. What effect would remove this point have on the regression line?

(a) Slope would increase; y intercept would increase.

(b) Slope would increase; y intercept would decrease.

(c) Slope would decrease; y intercept would increase.

(d) Slope would decrease;y intercept would decrease.

(e) Slope and y intercept would stay the same.

57. Bird colonies Refer to Exercises53 and 55 . For the regression you performed earlier, r2=0.56 and s=3.67. Explain what each of these values means in this setting.

In its Fuel Economy Guide for 2008 model vehicles, the Environmental Protection Agency gives data on 1152 vehicles. There are a number of outliers, mainly vehicles with very poor gas mileage. If we ignore the outliers, however, the combined city and highway gas mileage of the other 1120

or so vehicles is approximately Normal with mean 18.7 miles per gallon (mpg) and standard deviation 4.3 mpg.

In my Chevrolet (2.2) The 2008 Chevrolet Malibu with a four-cylinder engine has a combined gas

mileage of 25mpg. What percent of all vehicles have worse gas mileage than the Malibu?

You have data for many years on the average price of a barrel of oil and the average retail price of a gallon of unleaded regular gasoline. If you want to see how well the price of oil predicts the price of gas, then you should make a scatterplot with ______ as the explanatory variable.

(a) the price of oil

(b) the price of gas

(c) the year

(d) either oil price or gas price

(e) time

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.