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Understanding the nature of statistical studies is crucial in the realm of research. These studies come in various forms, primarily categorized as observational studies or experiments. In an observational study, researchers collect data without interference or manipulation of the subject's environment or behavior. They observe natural occurrences and draw conclusions from the patterns they notice. On the other hand, an experiment involves manipulation by introducing a treatment or intervention to observe its effect on subjects.

The survey described in the exercise is a perfect example of an observational study. Here, the researchers surveyed U.S. adults about their predictions for 'smart homes'. They were interested in attitudes, not in changing them. Hence, no intervention was applied, distinguishing it from an experiment where researchers would actively try to change participants' opinions or behaviors to gauge the effects.

Survey research is a widely utilized method of data collection in statistical studies. It involves gathering information from a sample of people through their responses to questions. The primary goal is to generalize the findings to a larger population. This type of research can be conducted through various means, including telephone interviews, online questionnaires, or face-to-face interactions.

The effectiveness of survey research hinges on how well the survey is designed. Good surveys are clear, concise, and unbiased in their questioning. The survey from the Intel study aimed to gather opinions about smart homes from a sizeable demographic of U.S. adults. To extrapolate reliable insights from their study, it is imperative that the sample is representative and the questions are structured to minimize the chances of misinterpretation or bias.

There are several methods through which data can be collected in statistical studies, and the technique adopted can have a substantial impact on the outcomes of the study. Some common data collection methods include interviews, questionnaires, observations, and records or documents.

Each method has its advantages and drawbacks. For example, interviews can provide in-depth data but are time-consuming and potentially subject to interviewer bias. Questionnaires are less expensive and can be disseminated to a wide audience quickly, but they depend heavily on the respondent's willingness and ability to provide accurate answers. Observations can yield rich data but may be subject to the observer's interpretation. Lastly, existing records can be a valuable source of information but can be limited by what data was recorded and its relevance to the new research question.