/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 4 Explain the meaning of an elemen... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 1: Problem 4

Explain the meaning of an element, a variable, an observation, and a data set.

Short Answer

Expert verified
An 'element' is an item on which measurements are taken. A 'variable' is a characteristic or attribute that can vary among elements. An 'observation' is the set of measurements taken on an individual element. A 'data set' is a collection of observations on one or more variables made on a set of elements.

Step by step solution

01

Define Element

An element is an object on which a measurement is taken. In a data set, the element could refer to a person, an animal, a city, or any other unit under study. It's the 'who' or 'what' that the data is about.
02

Define Variable

A variable is a characteristic or property that can take on different values or categories. For example, if the elements are people, the variables might include characteristics like age, gender, height, income, etc. Variables serve as the characteristics being observed or measured in a data set.
03

Define Observation

An observation is the set of values recorded for a particular element. In a data set spreadsheet, this would typically correspond to a row. Each observation includes one value for each variable, representing the characteristics of a given element.
04

Define Data Set

A data set is a collection of observations on one or more variables. The data set includes all the collected data, usually in a structured format where rows represent observations (elements) and columns represent variables. It is the complete collection of data that will be analyzed.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

A pharmaceutical company developed a new medicine for compulsive behavior. To test this medicine on humans, the company advertised for volunteers who were suffering from this disease and wanted to participate in the study. As a result, 1820 persons responded. Using their own judgment, the group of physicians who were conducting this study assigned 910 of these patients to the treatment group and the remaining 910 to the control group. The patients in the treatment group were administered the actual medicine, and the patients in the control group were given a placebo. Six months later the conditions of the patients in the two groups were examined and compared. Based on this comparison, the physicians concluded that this medicine improves the condition of patients suffering from compulsive behavior. a. Comment on this study and its conclusion. b. Is this an observational study or a designed experiment? Explain. c. Is this a double-blind study? Explain.

Explain the following. a. Random sample b. Nonrandom sample c. Convenience sample d. Judgment sample e. Quota sample

A magazine published a questionnaire for its readers to fill out and mail to the magazine's office. In the questionnaire, cell phone owners were asked how much they would have to be paid to do without their cell phones for one month. The magazine received responses from 5439 cell phone owners. a. What type of sample is this? Explain. b. To what kind(s) of systematic error, if any, would this survey be subject?

Indicate whether each of the following constitutes data collected from a population or a sample. a. A group of 25 patients selected to test a new drug b. Total items produced on a machine for each year from 2001 to 2015 c. Yearly expenditures on clothes for 50 persons d. Number of houses sold by each of the 10 employees of a real estate agency during 2015

A professor is teaching a large class that has 247 students. He wants to select a sample of 15 students to do a study on the habits of his students. For each of the following sampling methods, explain what kind of method is used (e.g., is it a random sample, nonrandom sample, sample with replacement, sample without replacement, convenience sample, judgment sample, quota sample). a. There are 15 sociology majors in his class. He selects these 15 students to include in the sample. b. He goes through the roster and finds that he knows 30 of the 247 students. Using his knowledge about these students, he selects 15 students from these 30 to include in the sample. c. He enters names of all 247 students in a spreadsheet on his computer. He uses a statistical software (such as Minitab) to select 15 students.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

Geometry

Read Explanation

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

Read Explanation

Applied Mathematics

Read Explanation

Pure Maths

Read Explanation

Mechanics Maths

Read Explanation

Calculus

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.