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Chapter 4: Q20 (page 143)
In Exercises 13鈥�20, express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.
Death and Taxes Benjamin Franklin said that death is a certainty of life.
The probability that death will occur is 1.
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Composite Water Samples The Fairfield County Department of Public Health tests water for the presence of E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacteria. To reduce laboratory costs, water samples from 10 public swimming areas are combined for one test, and further testing is done only if the combined sample tests positive. Based on past results, there is a 0.005 probability of finding E. coli bacteria in a public swimming area. Find the probability that a combined sample from 10 public swimming areas will reveal the presence of E. coli bacteria. Is that probability low enough so that further testing of the individual samples is rarely necessary?
In Exercises 21鈥�24, use these results from the 鈥�1-Panel-THC鈥� test for marijuana use, which is provided by the company Drug Test Success: Among 143 subjects with positive test results, there are 24 false positive results; among 157 negative results, there are 3 false negative results. (Hint: Construct a table similar to Table 4-1, which is included with the Chapter Problem.)
Testing for Marijuana: Use If one of the test subjects is randomly selected, find the probability that the subject did not use marijuana. Do you think that the result reflects the general population rate of subjects who do not use marijuana?
At Least One. In Exercises 5鈥�12, find the probability.
At Least One Defective iPhone It has been reported that 20% of iPhones manufactured by Foxconn for a product launch did not meet Apple鈥檚 quality standards. An engineer needs at least one defective iPhone so she can try to identify the problem(s). If she randomly selects 15 iPhones from a very large batch, what is the probability that she will get at least 1 that is defective? Is that probability high enough so that she can be reasonably sure of getting a defect for her work?
Probability of At Least One Let A = the event of getting at least 1 defective iPhone when 3 iPhones are randomly selected with replacement from a batch. If 5% of the iPhones in a batch are defective and the other 95% are all good, which of the following are correct?
a. = (0.95)(0.95)(0.95) = 0.857
b. P(A) = 1 - (0.95)(0.95)(0.95) = 0.143
c. P(A) = (0.05)(0.05)(0.05) = 0.000125
In Exercises 9鈥�20, use the data in the following table, which lists drive-thru order accuracy at popular fast food chains (data from a QSR Drive-Thru Study). Assume that orders are randomly selected from those included in the table.
惭肠顿辞苍补濒诲鈥檚 | Burger King | 奥别苍诲测鈥檚 | Taco Bell | |
Order Accurate | 329 | 264 | 249 | 145 |
OrderNotAccurate | 33 | 54 | 31 | 13 |
Fast Food Drive-Thru Accuracy If one order is selected, find the probability of getting an order that is not accurate or is from 奥别苍诲测鈥檚. Are the events of selecting an order that is not accurate and selecting an order from 奥别苍诲测鈥檚 disjoint events?
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