/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Q2 In Exercises 1鈥10, use the dat... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

In Exercises 1鈥10, use the data in the accompanying table and express all results in decimal form. (The data are from 鈥淢ortality Reduction with Air Bag and Seat Belt Use in Head-On Passenger Car Collisions,鈥 by Crandall, Olson, and Sklar, American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 153, No. 3.) Drivers Involved in Head-On Collision of Passenger Cars.

Drivers Involved in Head-On Collision of Passenger Cars


Driver Killed

Driver Not killed

Seatbelt Used

3655

7005

Seatbelt not Used

4402

3040

Seatbelt Use Find the probability of randomly selecting a driver and getting one who was not killed given that the driver was using a seatbelt.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The probability that the randomly selected driver was not killed, given that he uses a seatbelt, is approximately 0.657.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The data for passenger cars involved in a head-on collision is provided.

02

Step 2:Define the concept of probability

The formula for the probability of any arbitrary event A is defined as follows:

PA=NumberoffavorableoutcomesTotalnumberofoutcomes

In the case of conditional probability, the probability of an event A, given that event B has taken place, is the ratio of two values, probability for both A and B, over the probability of event B.

Mathematically,

PAB=PAandBPB

03

Step 3:Compute the totals row-wise and column-wise

Add the values in rows and columns to obtain the totals.


Driver Killed

Driver Not killed

Total

Seatbelt Used

3655

7005

10660

Seatbelt not Used

4402

3040

7442

Total

8057

10045

18102

04

Compute the probability 

Define F as the event that a randomly selected driver uses a seatbelt.

Define E as the event that a randomly selected driver was not killed.

The favorable number of drivers who use a seatbelt is 10660.

The favorable number of drivers who are not killed is 10045.

The favorable number of drivers who use a seatbelt and were not killed is 7005.

The total number of drivers surveyed is 18102.

Using the values, you get:

PEandF=700518102PF=1066018102

The probability that a randomly selected driver was not killed, given that he uses a seatbelt, is:

PEF=PEandFPF=7005181021066018102=700510660=0.657

Thus, the probability that the randomly selected driver was not killed, given that he uses a seatbelt, is 0.657.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

In Exercises 17鈥20, refer to the accompanying table showing results from a Chembio test for hepatitis C among HIV-infected patients (based on data from a variety of sources).

Positive Test Result

Negative Test Result

Hepatitis C

335

10

No Hepatitis C

2

1153

Positive Predictive Value Find the positive predictive value for the test. That is, find the probability that a subject has hepatitis C, given that the test yields a positive result. Does the result make the test appear to be effective?

Odds. In Exercises 41鈥44, answer the given questions that involve odds.

Finding Odds in Roulette A roulette wheel has 38 slots. One slot is 0, another is 00, and the others are numbered 1 through 36, respectively. You place a bet that the outcome is an odd number.

a. What is your probability of winning?

b. What are the actual odds against winning?

c. When you bet that the outcome is an odd number, the payoff odds are 1:1. How much profit do you make if you bet \(18 and win?

d. How much profit would you make on the \)18 bet if you could somehow convince the casino to change its payoff odds so that they are the same as the actual odds against winning? (Recommendation: Don鈥檛 actually try to convince any casino of this; their sense of humor is remarkably absent when it comes to things of this sort.)

New Jersey Lottery Let A denote the event of placing a $1 straight bet on the New Jersey Pick 3 lottery and winning. There are 1000 different ways that you can select the three digits (with repetition allowed) in this lottery, and only one of those three-digit numbers will be the winner. What is the value of? What is the value ofPA?

Rule of Complements When randomly selecting an adult, let B represent the event of randomly selecting someone with type B blood. Write a sentence describing what the rule of complements is telling us:PBorB=1

Probability from a Sample Space. In Exercises 33鈥36, use the given sample space or construct the required sample space to find the indicated probability.

Four Children Using the same sample space and assumption from Exercise 35, find the probability that when a couple has four children, all four are of the same gender.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.