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Review Figure 3.4. Suppose the price of gasoline is \(1.60per gallon. Is the quantity demanded higher or lower than at the equilibrium price of \)1.40per gallon? What about the quantity supplied? Is there a shortage or a surplus in the market? If so, how much?

Step by step solution

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Step 1. Define demand and supply.

Demand is an economic theory that refers to a consumer's desire to buy products and services as well as their readiness to pay a price for them.

The total amount of a certain commodity or service available to consumers is described by supply, which is a fundamental economic notion.

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Step 2.  Is the quantity demanded and quantity supplied higher or lower than at the equilibrium price of $1.40 per gallon? Is the market in short in supply or excess supply? If so, how much will it cost?

As $1.60per gallon is greater than the equilibrium price, the quantity required at550gallons would be lower, while the quantity provided at 640gallons would be larger. (These outcomes are due to supply and demand rules, respectively.) Both lower quantity demanded and higher quantity supplied would result in a 640-550=90gallon surplus in the gasoline market.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Many changes are affecting the market for oil. Predict how each of the following events will affect the equilibrium price and quantity in the market for oil. In each case, state how the event will affect the supply and demand diagram. Create a sketch of the diagram if necessary.

a. Cars are becoming more fuel efficient, and therefore get more miles to the gallon.

b. The winter is exceptionally cold.

c. A major discovery of new oil is made off the coast of Norway.

d. The economies of some major oil-using nations, like Japan, slow down.

e. A war in the Middle East disrupts oil-pumping schedules.

f. Landlords install additional insulation in buildings.

g. The price of solar energy falls dramatically.

h. Chemical companies invent a new, popular kind of plastic made from oil

Suppose there is a soda tax to curb obesity. What should a reduction in the soda tax do to the supply of sodas and to the equilibrium price and quantity? Can you show this graphically? Hint: Assume that the soda tax is collected from the sellers.

Explain why voluntary transactions improve social welfare.

What is the effect of a price ceiling on the quantity demanded of the product? What is the effect of a price ceiling on the quantity supplied? Why exactly does a price ceiling cause a shortage?

The computer market in recent years has seen many more computers sell at much lower prices. What shift in demand or supply is most likely to explain this outcome? Sketch a demand and supply diagram and explain your reasoning for each.

a. A rise in demand

b. A fall in demand

c. A rise in supply
d. A fall in supply

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