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use figure 25-17to suggest which type of liquid chromatography you could use to separate compounds in each of the following categories.

(a)Molecular mass <2000,soluble in octane

(b) Molecular mass <2000 ,soluble in methanol-water mixtures

(c) Molecular mass <2000 ,weak acid

(d)Molecular mass<2000 ,soluble highly polar

(e) Molecular mass <2000 ,ionic

(f)Molecular mass<2000,soluble in water in nonionic various

(g) Molecular mass<2000,soluble in water in water, variety of changes

(h) Molecular mass<2000,soluble in tetrahydrofuran

Short Answer

Expert verified

which type of liquid chromatography you could use to separate compounds.

a)We would use normal-phase chromatography

b)We would use bonded reverse-phase chromatography

c)We would use bonded reverse-phase chromatography.

d)We would use hydrophilic interaction chromatography

e)We would use ion-exchange or ion

f)We would use molecular-exclusion

g)We would use ion-exchange with wide pore stationary phase chromatography

h)We would use molecular-exclusion chromatography.

Step by step solution

01

Molecular mass

Figure 25-17is used to solve this.

If the analyte's molecular mass is less than 2 000 , we use the upper part of the figure. We use the lower part if the molecular mass is greater than 2 000 .Table 25-4can also be used to determine the polarity.

a)Molecular mass <2000,soluble in octane.

We would use normal-phase chromatography to separate compound that has molecular mass below 2 000 and it is soluble in octane.

b)Molecular mass <2000,soluble in methanol-water mixtures

We would use bonded reverse-phase chromatography to separate compound with molecular mass below 2 000 and it is soluble in methanol-water mixtures.

c)Molecular mass <2000,weak acid

We would use bonded reverse-phase chromatography with buffered mobile phase to separate compound with molecular mass below 2 000 and it is weak acid.

02

soluble highly polar

d)Molecular mass <2000,soluble highly polar

We would use hydrophilic interaction chromatography to separate compound with molecular mass below 2 000 and it is highly polar.

e)Molecular mass <2000,ionic

We would use ion-exchange or ion chromatography to separate compound with molecular mass below 2 000 and it is ionic.

f)Molecular mass <2000,soluble in water in nonionic various

We would use molecular-exclusion chromatography to separate compound with molecular mass greater than 2 000 and it is soluble in water, nonionic, various sized solutes.

g)Molecular mass >2000,soluble in water in water, variety of changes

We would use ion-exchange with wide pore stationary phase chromatography to separate compound with molecular mass greater than 2000 and it is soluble in water, variety of charges.

h)Molecular mass >2000,soluble in tetrahydrofuran

We would use molecular-exclusion chromatography to separate compound with molecular mass greater than 2 000 and it is soluble in tetrahydrofuran.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Why are silica stationary phase height limited to operating in the pH range 2-8?why does the silica in figure25-8have improved stability at low pH?

  1. Use equation 25-1to estimate the length of a column required to achieve1.0104plates if the stationary phase particles size is10.5,5.0,3.0,or1.5渭尘

  2. If the retention time was 20mins on the 10.0渭尘 particle size column, what is the retention time on the 5.0,3.0,or1.5渭尘columns from part (a)? Assume that flow rate is constant for all columns.

  3. Use equation25-2to estimate the pressure of the column in (a) given that the pressure of the10.0渭尘column was4.4Mpa

  4. If the flow rate was2.0mL/min , what is the baseline width for the peaks on 10.5,5.0,3.0,or1.5渭尘columns form part (a)?

  5. Which of these column configurations would require a UHPLC instrument?

A reversed-phase separation of a reaction mixture calls for isocratic elution with 48%methanol 52%water. If you want to change the procedure to use acetonitrile/water, what is a good starting percentage of acetonitrile to try?

(a)explain how to measure k and resolution.

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(c)state three method for measuring tmin hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography.

(d)Estimate tmfor 150.46column containing 5-渭尘particles operating at a flow rate of 1.5mL/minEstimate tmif the particle size were 3.5-渭尘 instead.

The 鈥渞ule of three鈥 states that the retention factor for a given solute decreases approximately threefold when the organic phase increases by10%.In figure 25-12,tm=2.7min. Find k for peak 5at 40%B .predict the retention time for peak at B and compare the observed and predicted times.

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