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Chapter 3: Q70P (page 138)

Draw skeletal structures for the following:

a. 5-ethyl-2-methyloctane

b. 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane

c. 2,3,3,4-tetramethylheptane

d. propyl cyclopentane

e. 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) octane

f. 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)decane

Short Answer

Expert verified

Skeletal structures display bonds of carbon atoms where any other atom is represented than carbon.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Definition of skeletal structure.

Skeletal structures display bonds of carbon atoms where any other atom is represented than carbon.

02

Rules for finding the systematic names of alkanes.

  • Identify the longest continuous carbon chain and give it a name.
  • Identify and list the several organizations that are linked to this chain.
  • Begin numbering the chain from the end that is closest to a substituent group.
  • Assign an appropriate number and name to each substituent group's location.
  • Assemble the name by listing the groups alphabetically by full name (e.g. cyclopropyl before isobutyl).
  • When alphabetizing, the prefixes di, tri, tetra, and others, which are used to denote many groups of the same kind, are ignored.
03

Step 3: Subpart (a) The skeletal structure of 5-ethyl-2-methyloctane.   

04

Subpart (b) The skeletal structure of 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane.

05

Subpart (c) The skeletal structure of 2,3,3,4-tetramethylheptane.

06

Subpart (d) The skeletal structure of propyl cyclopentane.

07

Subpart (e) The skeletal structure of 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) octane.

08

Subpart (f) The skeletal structure of 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)decane.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Using the data obtained in Problem 85, calculate the amount of steric strain in each of the chair conformers of 1,1,3-trimethylcyclohexane. Which conformer predominates at equilibrium?

Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine:

In which solvent would cyclohexane have the lowest solubility: 1-pentanol, diethyl ether, ethanol, or hexane?
  1. Draw all the staggered and eclipsed conformers that result from rotation about the C-2_ C-3bond of pentane.
  2. Draw a potential-energy diagram for rotation about the C-2_C-3bond of pentane through 3600, starting with the least stable conformer.

a. Calculate the energy difference between the two chair conformers of trans-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane.

b. What is the energy difference between the two chair conformers of cis-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane?
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