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Chapter 25: Q-25-4P (page 1308)

Give equations to show the reactions of sodium myristate with the following.(a) Ca2+ (b) Mg2+ (c) Fe3+

Short Answer

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(a)

(b)

(c)

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

Sodium myristate is a surfactant used in soaps and detergent, it has the tendency to precipitate out of solution in hard water. Hard water is water that is acidic or that contains ions of calcium, magnesium, or iron.

02

(a)

Sodium myristate react with calcium ion (soap) to form insoluble salts called hard-water scum.

03

(b)

Sodium myristate react with magnesium ion (soap) to form insoluble salts called hard-water scum.

04

(c)

Sodium myristate react with ferric ion (soap) to form insoluble salts called hard-water scum.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Circle the eight isoprene units in 尾-carotene.

Point out the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions in the structures of sodium dodecyl sulfate, Nonoxynol庐, and the alkylbenzenesulfonate detergent (Figure 25-6).

Question: Trimyristin, a solid fat present in nutmeg, is hydrolyzed to give one equivalent of glyceroland three equivalents of myristic acid. Give the structure of trimyristin.

Draw the structure of an optically active triglyceride containing one equivalent of stearic acid and two equivalents of oleic acid. Draw the products expected when this triglyceride reacts with the following reagents. In each case, predict whether the products will be optically active.

  1. H2and a nickel catalyst
  2. Br2inCCl4
  3. Hot aqueousNaOH
  4. Ozone followed by (CH3)2S

The synthesis of the alkylbenzenesulfonate detergent shown in figure 25-6 begins with the partial polymerization of propylene to give a pentamer.

Show how aromatic substitution reactions can convert this pentamer to the final synthetic detergent.
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