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Classify the following compounds as aromatic, antiaromatic, or nonaromatic

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Short Answer

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(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Step by step solution

01

Aromaticity

The aromaticity of any planar and nonplanar molecule can be identified by Huckel’s rule, i.e., (4n+2)where n represents the number of pi electrons.

02

Classification of the aromatic and nonaromatic molecule

(a)

The total number of pi electrons in conjugation is 14 which shows that the compound obeys the Huckel rule, i.e., (4n+2)pi electrons. In this case, the value of n is 3. Thus, the given structure is non-aromatic.

(b)

As one of the carbons in the given ring is sp3hybridized, therefore, p orbital is not available for the delocalization of the pi electrons. Hence, the given structure is non-aromatic.

(c)

The total number of pi electrons in conjugation is 14 which shows that the compound obeys the Huckel rule, that is (4n+2)electrons. In this case, the value of n is 3.

The structure is cyclic and planar in nature as all the carbons are sp3hybridized. Thus, the given structure is aromatic.

(d)

The total number of pi electrons in conjugation is 14 which shows that the compound obeys the Huckel rule, that is(4n+2)electrons. In this case, the value of n is 3.

The structure is cyclic and planar in nature as all the carbons are sp2hybridized. Thus, the given structure is aromatic.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The polarization of a carbonyl group can be represented by a pair of resonance structures

Cyclopropenone and cycloheptatrienone are more stable than anticipated. Cyclopentadienone, however, is relatively unstable and rapidly undergoes a Diels–Alder dimerization. Explain.

Cyclopropenone CycloheptatrienoneCyclopentadienone

Borazole, ,is an unusually stable cyclic compound. Propose a structure for borazole, and explain why it is aromatic.

Explain why each compound is aromatic, antiaromatic, or nonaromatic

(a) Isoxazole

(b) 1,3-thiazole

(c) Pyran

(d) Pyrylium ion

(e) γ - pyrone

(f) 1,2-Dihydropyridine

(g)Cytosine

(h)

Question: The benzene ring alters the reactivity of a neighboring group in the benzylic position much as a double bond alters the reactivity of groups in the allylic position.

Benzylic cations, anions, and radicals are all more stable than simple alkyl intermediates.

  1. Use resonance forms to show the delocalization (over four carbon atoms) of the positive charge, unpaired electron, and negative charge of the benzyl cation, radical, and anion.
  2. Toulene reacts with bromine in the presence of light to give benzyl bromide. Propose a mechanism for this reaction.

    c. Which of the following reactions will have the faster rate and give the better yield? Use a drawing of the transition state to explain your answer.

(a) Draw the molecular orbitals for the cyclopropenyl case. H H H (Because there are three p orbitals, there must be three MOs: one all-bonding MO and one degenerate pair of MOs.)

(b) Draw an energy diagram for the cyclopropenyl MOs. (The polygon rule is helpful.) Label each MO as bonding, nonbonding, or antibonding, and add the nonbonding line. Notice that it goes through the approximate average of the MOs.

(c) Add electrons to your energy diagram to show the configuration of the cyclopropenyl cation and the cyclopropenyl anion. Which is aromatic and which is antiaromatic?

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