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_{Reagents are compounds incorporated into a system to bring about a chemical reaction. Some examples of reagents include Collins reagent and Grignard reacgent.}

Alkene dihydroxilation constitutes a process that transforms an alkene to a vicinal diol. A transition metal possessing a high oxidation state like osmium or manganese are used in this oxidation reaction.

Diols are produced by the different reactions like the syn-dihydroxylation with O_SO₄or cold KMnO₄ . It can also be done via the anti-hydroxylation via an epoxide using peroxyacid and water. The problem utilized inorganic reagents, hence we requireO_SO₄ reagent than the peroxyacid that is organic.

(a)Part (a) needs the synthesis of meso isomer, hence, syn-addition happens on the cis-alkene.

The alkene must be cis to create a meso product from the syn addition. Hence, reduction is performed with Lindlar’s catalyst to generate the cis alkene.

(b)The alkene created must be trans to generate a(± ) product from the syn addition. Hence, reduction is done using Na/NH₃ .