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Chapter 30: Question 30.31 (page 1225)

Draw a short segment of each polymer:

(a) Isotactic poly(vinyl chloride);

(b) Syndiotactic polyacrylonitrile;

(c) Atactic polystyrene.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

(a.)

(b.)

(c.)

Step by step solution

01

Polymer

Polymers are large molecules created from monomer units. Polymer is derived from two Greek words 鈥� 鈥減oly鈥� which means many, and 鈥渕eros鈥� which means many. Isotactic, syndiotactic, and atactic polymers are classified on basis of geometry of the polymer.

02

Isotactic

(a) An isotactic polymer has all Z groups on the same side of the carbon backbone.

Structure of isotactic poly(vinyl chloride)

03

Syndiotactic

(b)A syndiotactic polymer has the Z groups alternating from one side of the carbon chain to the other.

Structure of syndiotactic polyacrylonitrile

04

Atactic

(c) An atactic polymer has the Z groups oriented randomly along the polymer chain.

Structure of atactic polystyrene

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain why diester A is now often used as a plasticizer in place of dibutyl phthalate.

Thermosetting resins similar to Bakelite (Section 30.7) have also been prepared from renewable feedstocks. One method uses cardinol, the major constituent of the liquid obtained from roasted cashew nutshells. What polymer is obtained when cardinol is treated with formaldehyde (H2C=O) in the presence of a proton source?

The reaction of urea [(NH2)2 C=O] and formaldehyde (CH2=O) forms a highly cross-linked polymer used in foams. Suggest a structure for this polymer. [Hint: Examine the structures of Bakelite (Figure 30.7) and Melmac (Problem 30.58).]

Draw the structure of the polymer formed by step-growth polymerization of each monomer or pair of monomers.

(a.)

(b.)

(c.)

(d.)

Which method of ionic polymerization-cationic or anionic-is preferred for each monomer? Explain your choices.

(a.)

(b.)

(c.)

(d.)
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