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Chapter 4: Q85E (page 224)
A 0.025-g sample of a compound composed of boron and hydrogen, with a molecular mass of ~28 amu, burns spontaneously when exposed to air, producing 0.063 g of B2O3. What are the empirical and molecular formulas of the compound?
Empirical formula = B1H3
Molecular formula = B2H6
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Potassium acid phthalate, KHC6H4O4or KHP, is used in many laboratories, including general chemistry laboratories, to standardize solutions of base. KHP is one of only a few stable solid acids that can be dried by warming and weighed. A 0.3420-g sample of KHC6H4O4 reacts with 35.73 mL of a NaOH solution in a titration. What is the molar concentration of the NaOH?
\({\rm{KH}}{{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_4}{{\rm{O}}_{4({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + NaO}}{{\rm{H}}_{({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ KNa}}{{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_4}{{\rm{O}}_{4({\rm{aq}})}}{\rm{ + }}{{\rm{H}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_{({\rm{aq}})}}\)
Uranium can be isolated from its ores by dissolving it as UO2(NO3)2, then separating it as solid UO2(C2O4). Addition of 0.4031 g of sodium oxalate, NaC2O4, to a solution containing 1.481 g of uranyl nitrate, UO2(NO3)2, yields 1.073 g of solid
\(Na{C_2}{O_4} + U{O_2}{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2} + 3{H_2}O \to U{O_2}\left( {{C_2}{O_4}} \right) \cdot 3{H_2}O + 2NaN{O_3}\)
Use the following equations to answer the next four questions:
i.\({H_2}O\left( s \right) \to {H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
ii.\(N{a^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + C{l^ - }\left( {aq} \right) + A{g^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + NO_3^ - \left( {aq} \right) \to AgCl\left( s \right) + N{a^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + NO_3^ - \left( {aq} \right)\)
iii.\(C{H_3}OH\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to C{O_2}\left( g \right) + {H_2}O\left( g \right)\)
iv. \(2{H_2}O\left( l \right) \to 2{H_2}\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right)\)
v. \({H^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + O{H^ - }\left( {aq} \right) \to {H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
(a) Which equation describes a physical change?
(b)Which equation identifies the reactants and products of a combustion reaction?
(c)Which equation is not balanced?
(d)Which is a net ionic equation?
Classify the following as acid-base reaction or oxidation-reduction reactions.
(a)\(N{a_2}S\left( {aq} \right) + 2HCl\left( {aq} \right) \to 2NaCl\left( {aq} \right) + {H_2}S\left( g \right)\)
(b)\(2Na\left( s \right) + 2HCl\left( {aq} \right) \to 2NaCl\left( {aq} \right) + {H_2}\left( g \right)\)
(c)\(Mg\left( s \right) + C{l_2}\left( g \right) \to MgC{l_2}\left( s \right)\)
(d)\(MgO\left( s \right) + 2HCl\left( {aq} \right) \to MgC{l_2}\left( {aq} \right) + {H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
(e)\({K_3}P\left( s \right) + 2{O_2}\left( g \right) \to {K_3}P{O_4}\left( s \right)\)
(f)\(3KOH\left( {aq} \right) + {H_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to {K_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) + 3{H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
How many molecules of the sweetener saccharin can be prepared from 30 C atoms, 25 H atoms, 12 O atoms, 8 S atoms, and 14 N atoms?
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