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Chapter 4: Q67E (page 223)

Toluene, C6H5CH3, is oxidized by air under carefully controlled conditions to benzoic acid, C6H5CO2H, which is used to prepare the food preservative sodium benzoate, C6H5CO2Na. What is the percent yield of a reaction that converts 1.000 kg of toluene to 1.21 kg of benzoic acid? \(2{C_6}{H_5}C{H_3} + 3{O_2} \to 2{C_6}{H_5}C{O_2}H + 2{H_2}O\).

Short Answer

Expert verified

The percent yield is \(91.3\% \).

Step by step solution

01

Determine molar mass

1 mol\({C_6}{H_5}C{H_3} = 7\left( {12.011} \right) + 8\left( {1.008} \right) = 92.141g\)

1 mol\({C_6}{H_5}C{O_2}H = 7\left( {12.011} \right) + 6\left( {1.008} \right) + 2\left( {15.999} \right) = 122.123g\)

\(\begin{aligned}{}1.000kg{C_6}{H_5}C{H_3}\left( {\frac{{1mol{C_6}{H_5}C{H_3}}}{{342.297g{C_6}{H_5}C{H_3}}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{2mol{C_6}{H_5}C{O_2}H}}{{1mol{C_6}{H_5}C{H_3}}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{122.123g{C_6}{H_5}C{O_2}H}}{{1mol{C_6}{H_5}C{O_2}H}}} \right)\\ = 1.325g{C_6}{H_5}C{O_2}H\end{aligned}\)

02

Determine percentage yield

Calculate the percent yield.

%yield =\(\frac{{{\rm{actual yield}}}}{{{\rm{theoretical yield}}}} \times 100\% \)

\( = \frac{{1.21}}{{1.325}} = 91.3\% \)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Colourful fireworks often involve the decomposition of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate and the reaction of metals magnesium, aluminium, and iron with oxygen.

(a)Write the formulae of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate.

(b)The decomposition of solid potassium chlorate leads to the formation of solid potassium chloride and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.

(c) The decomposition of solid barium nitrate leads to the formation of solid barium oxide, diatomic nitrogen gas and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.

(d)Write separate equations for the reactions of the solid metals magnesium, aluminium and iron and oxygen gas to yield the corresponding metal oxides.(Assume the iron oxide contains \(F{e^{3 + }}\)ions.)

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