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Chapter 12: Q71 E (page 710)
What is the rate equation for the elementary termolecular reaction A + 2B鉄秔roducts? For 3A鉄秔roducts?
For any reaction, the rate is given by the product of the concentration of the reactant, where each reactant concentration is raised to the power of the stoichiometric ratio.
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The rate constant for the rate of decomposition of \({{\bf{N}}_{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{5}}}\)to\({\bf{NO}}\) and \({{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}\)in the gas phase is 1.66 L/mol/s at 650 K and 7.39 L/mol/s at 700 K:
\({\bf{2}}{{\bf{N}}_{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{5}}}{\bf{(g) - - - 4NO(g) + 3}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g)}}\)
Assuming the kinetics of this reaction are consistent with the Arrhenius equation, calculate the activation energy for this decomposition.
Fluorine-18 is a radioactive isotope that decays by positron emission to form oxygen-18 with a half-life of 109.7 min. (A positron is a particle with the mass of an electron and a single unit of positive charge; the equation is (\({_{{\bf{518}}}^{\bf{9}}}{\bf{F}}\)鉄禱({_{{\bf{18}}}^{\bf{8}}}{\bf{O + e - }}\).) Physicians use\(^{{\bf{18}}}{\bf{F}}\)to study the brain by injecting a quantity of fluoro-substituted glucose into the blood of a patient. The glucose accumulates in the regions where the brain is active and needs nourishment.
(a) What is the rate constant for the decomposition of fluorine-18?
(b) If a sample of glucose containing radioactive fluorine-18 is injected into the blood, what percent of the radioactivity will remain after 5.59 h?
(c) How long does it take for 99.99% of the\(^{{\bf{18}}}{\bf{F}}\)to decay?
A study of the rate of dimerization of \({{\bf{C}}_{\bf{4}}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{6}}}\) gave the data shown in:
\({\bf{2}}{{\bf{C}}_{\bf{4}}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{6}}} \to {{\bf{C}}_{\bf{8}}}{{\bf{H}}_{{\bf{12}}}}\)
(c) Determine the average rate of formation of \({{\bf{C}}_{\bf{8}}}{{\bf{H}}_{{\bf{12}}}}\) at 1600 s and the instantaneous rate of formation at 3200 s from the rates found in parts (a) and (b).
Nitrogen monoxide reacts with chlorine according to the equation:
2NO(g) + Cl\({}_2\)(g)鉄� 2NOCl(g) The following initial rates of reaction have been observed for certain reactant concentrations:
What is the rate law that describes the rate鈥檚 dependence on the concentrations of NO and Cl2? What is the rate constant? What are the orders with respect to each reactant?
When every collision between reactants leads to a reaction, what determines the rate at which the reaction occurs?
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